宾语补足语、主谓一致一、宾语补足语.1.概念:英语中有些动词接了宾语后意义仍不完整,需要在宾语后用一个补足语,以说明宾语“是什么”“怎么样”或“做什么”.2.用法:⑴.能做宾语补足语的主要是:名词、形容词、介词短语、副词、动词不定式及分词.Heissonicetoeveryonethatweallconsiderhimatruefriend.Whathesaidmadeushappy.IfoundhimatworkeverytimeIgointohisroom.Herushedout,leavingthelighton.Theteacherhadmesweepthefloorafterschool.Igotthebikerepairedbyafriendofmine.Iheardhimsingingthesong.⑵.能接宾语补足语的动词主要有:A.“使…成为/变成,使…做”have,make,let//force,get,push,ask,tell,require//choose,elect,paint,turn,etc.Thebossmadehimworkdayandnight.Youmustgetsomebodytodothejob.Hepaintedthewallgreen.B.表“称为、认为、以为”的动词believe,call,consider,find,name,suppose,think,etc.WeallthinkTomacleverboy.C.表“保持,使…处于(状态)”keep,leave,find,etc.Youmustkeeptheclassroomcleanandtidy.D.“听见、看见”等感官动词:hear,notice,see,watch,observe,feel,find,etc.Isawhimgointothehouse.练习1.Theschoolistryingto___thestudentsintouchwithsociety.A.makeB.keepC.haveD.get2.Iwillhavemybike___thisafternoon.A.repairB.toberepairedC.repairingD.repaired3.Mr.Greenwasmade___oftheclubwhenhewasonly28.A.chairmenB.chairmanC.asachairmanD.aschairman4.Iimmediatelypushedallthedoorsandwindows____toletinsomefreshair.A.toopenB.openC.openingD.opened二、主谓一致:主语与谓语在人称和数上保持一致.三个原则:1.语法一致⑴.以kind(pair/piece)of短语为主语,动词与kind/pair/piece的单复数一致.Thispairofglassesisbroken.⑵.aswellas/but/except/otherthan(非)/ratherthan/(together)with,besides,等连接两个主语时,动词与前面的主语一致.You,ratherthanhim,aretoblame.⑶.以动词不定式,v-ing或从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数.what从句依后面的表语名词而定.Skatinginwinterisgreatfun.Tosaysomethingiseasierthantodosomething.whatIsawinhisroomwasachair./weretwochairs.2.意义一致①.以all(half/most/part/percent/some/therest)of短语作主语时,谓语与后面名词的单复数一致.Therestofstudentsareathome.Therestofworkistobedonetomorrow.②.表度量,时间,金额的复数名词作主语常被当作整体,谓语动词用单数.1,000kilometersisnotalongdistancetoday.Tendaysisalongtimetome.③.army/class/crowd/family/government/public/team,etc.作主语时,作为整体看待,动词用单数形式;若强调个体时,动词用复数.Ourclassisabigone.Theclassarealllisteningtotheteachernow.④.cattle,people,police等作主语时,谓语动词用复数.Thepolicearesearchingforthestolencar.⑤.“the+adj.”作主语时,动词用复数.TheoldaretakengoodcareofinChina.3.就近的原则①.or,either…or…,neither…nor…,not…but…,notonly…butalso…连接两个主语时,动词与近的名词一致.Notonlyyoubutalsohehasmadeamistake.②.在therebe句型中,谓语be与近的名词一致.Thereisabookandtwopensonthedesk.Therearetwopensandabookonthedesk.练习:1.Insideherbag___someexercisebooksshehasforgottentohandin.A.hasB.haveC.isD.are2.Wherewewillgopicnickingwiththenewcomers___notbeendecidedyet.A.areB.isC.haveD.has3.Henry’sparents___Henryhimselfisgoingtoshowtheguestsaroundthecity.A.togetherwithB.aswellasC.orD.and4.NobodybutTomandJane___toldaboutthecomingtest.A.wasB.wereC.hasD.havebeen5.Whatcausedthecaraccident___ontheroad.Threepeopleincludingachilddied.A.werestoneB.wereastoneC.wasstoneD.wasastone6.All___hereexceptTom,andeverything___readyexcepttheflowers.A.are,areB.is,isC.is,areD.are,is7.Who’stakenmysister’spen?___heoryoutakenit?A.IsB.AreC.HasD.Have8.Inthatcountry,therich___richerandthepoorpoorer.A.becomeB.hasbecomeC.becomesD.isbecoming9.___wood___plasticwilldo,sowe’vegottofindanothermaterialtomakethemodelplane.A.Neither;norB.Either;orC.Both;andD.Notonly;butalso---IhavegotoneticketforLiuXiang’s110mhurdleracetobeheldinNanjing._____you__yourdesk-matecanhaveit.---IsitonSaturdayoronSunday?---ItisonnextMonday.---Oh,whatapity.Iamafraid______I___mydesk-matecanenjoyit.SituationEitherneithereither…or/neither…norornor---WhichonecanItake,Sir?---Iamafraid,youcantake_________________________.neitherthegunnorthecigar---WherecanIstayonSaturdaynight,Sir?---Youcanstay_____intheclassroom___inthedormitory.eitheror用“neither…nor…/either…or…”改写下列句子1.Hisfathermaybeabusdriver.Hisfathermaybeataxidriver.Hisfathermaybeeitherabusdriverorataxidriver.2.TheboyhasneverbeentoTibetandnorhasthegirl.NeithertheboynorthegirlhasbeentoTibetand
