产品质量控制的一些方法介绍

CTQ CTQ(Critical-To-Quality ) 品质关键点 该概念常在six sigma 管理中被提到。 企业提供的产品和服务必须满足客户要求的品质特征. 在Six Sigma (六西格玛)中 , 通常用Y 来表示.很多公司都是把其作为一个输出的衡量性指标（Outcome Indicator）举个例子来说，麦当劳顾客减少，此时的关键指标就是平均每天顾客人数(person/day)不同的项目有不同的指标的。 什么是关键品质特性 （ CTQ） 顾客最在意的产品或服务的特性 品质：功能、可用性、可靠性、可维护性„ 交期：准时 价格：比较性、价格、总成本、折扣„ 售后服务：即时性、便利性、速度„ Voc = f ( CTQs ) Y = f (X1, X2, X3, „Xn) Y = f (X) 输出 输入 输出是输入的函数 为什么要推行六西格玛 Why Six Sigma 1.竞争的需要 2.建立共同的语言 3.数据驱动进步 4.解决方法与思路 5.掌握通用工具 6.客户导向及要求 7.降低 FCR，减少失败质量成本 Edited by Rocky Huang CTQs (Critical to Quality) are the key measurable characteristics of a product or process whose performance standards or specification limits must be met in order to satisfy the customer. They align improvement or design efforts with customer requirements. CTQs represent the product or service characteristics that are defined by the customer (internal or external). They may include the upper and lower specification limits or any other factors related to the product or service. A CTQ usually must be interpreted from a qualitative customer statement to an actionable, quantitative business specification. To put it in layman's terms, CTQs are what the customer expects of a product... the spoken needs of the customer. The customer may often express this in plain English, but it is up to us to convert them to measurable terms using tools such as DFMEA, etc. DFMEA 在设计和制造产品时,FMEA 是一种可靠性设计的重要方法。它实际上是FMA（故障模式分析）和FEA（故障影响分析）的组合。它对各种可能的风险进行评价、分析，以便在现有技术的基础...