音乐基本用语

1. 键盘 /keyboard 键盘是一组杠杆或音键，由演奏者用手指在钢琴，羽管键琴， 翼琴或类似的键盘乐器上按压， 或者用手指按压风琴的键盘，或用脚踩管风琴的踏板或脚键盘。这个词汇广泛应用于键盘乐，以及各种键盘乐器。A keyboard is a set of levers or keys, to be depressed by the fingers of a player on the piano, harpsichord, clavichord or similar keyboard instrument, or on the manual by the fingers, or on the pedals or pedal-board of the organ with the feet. The word is used generally, as in keyboard music, music for any keyboard instrument. 2. 白键组 /White key pattern 在现代键盘乐器中，音键通常有白和黑两种颜色。早期键盘乐器的音键颜色的功用或许正相反。 现代的白键构成一组全音和半音或相邻音间的半音。白键上的主要音阶可用于字谱上， C 调，E 和 F 之间的半音， B 和 C 之间的半音的初始演奏。On modern keyboard instruments keys for the fingers are generally coloured white and black. On earlier keyboard instruments the colouring may be reversed. The modern white keys form a pattern of whole steps or whole tones and half steps or semitones between adjacent notes. A major scale on the white notes may be played starting, in letter notation, on C, with half steps (semitones) between E and F, and B and C. [Illustration of keyboard, letters on notes] 3. 黑键组 /Black key pattern 现代键盘乐器的黑键音在相邻的白音符间，构成全音，可演奏半音。在字谱上，黑音符见于 C 和 D, D 和 E, F 和 G, G 和 A, A 和 B 之间。黑键可演奏五声音阶。On modern keyboard instruments black keys come between those adjacent white notes that form a whole step or whole tone, providing a half step or semitone. In letter notation the black notes are found between C and D, D and E, F and G, G and A, and A and B. The black keys provide the notes of the pentatonic scale. [illustration of keyboard]...