被动语态被动语态被动语态基本用法被动语态基本用法当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。被动语态基本用法被动语态基本用法当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。例如：ManypeoplespeakChinese.谓语speak的动作是由主语manypeople来执行的。例如：Chineseisspokenbymanypeople.主语English是动词speak的承受者。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。Hisbrotherwashesbowlseveryday.主谓宾(受动者)Bowlsarewashedbyhisbrothereveryday.改为被动语态改为被动语态1.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.主语+及物动词+宾语Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般现在时：一般现在时：S(S(主语）主语）+am/is/are++am/is/are+过去分词过去分词2.Theyboughttencomputerslastterm．Tencomputerswerebought(bythem)lastterm.一般过去时：S+was/were+过去分词3.Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.Theworkwillbefinished(bythem)intendays.一般将来时：S+will/shall+be+S+will/shall+be+过去分词过去分词S++am/is/aregoingtobe+过去分词Someworkersarepaintingtheroomsnow．Theroomsarebeingpaintedbysomeworkersnow.现在进行时：现在进行时：S+am/is/are+being+S+am/is/are+being+过去分词过去分词4．AmycantakegoodcareofGina．GinacanbetakengoodcareofbyAmy.情态动词：情态动词：S+can/may/must/should+be+S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分过去分词词Iwasdoingmyhomeworkat8:00lastnight．Myhomeworkwasbeingdone(byme)at8:00lastnight.过去进行时：过去进行时：S+was/were+being+S+was/were+being+过去分词过去分词Wehavemadetwentymorekeys．Twentymorekeyshavebeenmadebyus.现在完成时：现在完成时：S+have/has+been+S+have/has+been+过去分词过去分词各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成一般现在时：一般过去时：情态动词：一般将来时：现在进行时：现在完成时：过去进行时：过去完成时：S+am/is/are+doneS+was/were+doneS+can/may/must/should+be+doneS+will+be+doneS+am/is/are+being+doneS+have/has+been+doneS+was/were+being+donehadbeen+done由上表中我们可以看出，不管是何种时态的被动语态，be是不可不用的。give,lend,offer,ask等需要两个连带成分，一个指人，另一个指事物，如：Mothergavemeatieasmybirthdaypresent.被动态既可以用“人”作为述说对象，也可以以“物”作为述说对象：A:Iwasgivenatiebymymotherasmybirthdaypresent.B:Atiewasgiven(to)measmybirthdaypresent.这样的句子多用“人”作为述说对象。几种特殊结构1.Myunclegavemeagiftonmybirthday．2.Weoftenhearhimplaytheguitar．Iwasgivenagiftonmybirthday．Agiftwasgiventomeonmybirthday.Heisoftenheardtoplaytheguitar注意：若使役动词make,have,let等或感官动词宾语补足语是不带to的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加to。如:feel,hear,help,listento,lookat,make,observe,see,notice,watch
