定语从句讲解及巩固练习一．辨析关系代词（that，which,who,whom,whose）例题：1.Thisisthecavethat/whichwevisitedbefore.解析：that/which指代先行词cave,在从句中充当宾语。例题2：Theprojectteamthat/whichwasformedbymembersfromfifteencountrieshelpedprotectthenationalparks.解析：that/which指代先行词projectteam，在从句中充当主语。例题3：Afterlisteningtothescientistswho/thathadstudiedtheproblem,andcitizenswho/thatlivednearthedam,thegovernmentturnedtotheUnitedNationsforhelpin1959.解析：that/who指代先行词scientists和citizens,在从句中充当主语。例题4：Agoodfriendisapersontowhomyoucanalwaystalk.解析：whom指代先行词person,在从句中充当talkto的宾语。例题5：TheboywhoselegwasbrokenlastmonthisTom.解析：whose指代先行词theboy’s,在从句中充当leg的定语。例题6：Thehousewhoseroofisyellowismine.解析：whose指代先行词thehouse’s，在从句中充当roof的定语。【归纳】1.that既可以代指人也可以代指物，在从句中充当主语或者宾语。2.which只能代指________,在从句中充当_______和____________。3.who只能代指_________,在从句中充当______________。4.whom只能代指_______,在从句中充当_______________。5.whose既可以指代_________也可以指代___________,它的词性为形容词，后面紧接名词，在从句中充当紧接在他后面的名词的定语。【拓展】1.只能用that的情况①先行词为不定代词all,anything,nothing,,little,few,muchsomethingsomeoneIrefusetoaccepttheblameforsomethingthatwassomeoneelse’sfault.②先行词有最高级修饰，有序数词修饰；Thefirstthingthatyouneedtocomeupwithisanideaforyourclub.③先行词有theonly,thevery,any,thesame,thelast等词修饰；Thisistheonlythingthathecanremember.④先行词既有人又有物时。Imisstheteachersandthekindergartenthatmyparentsthinkhighlyof.2.只能用which和whom不能用that的情况【口诀】：that用法真有趣，俩个地方它不去逗号之后它不去，介词之后不考虑3.ofwhich与whose之间的转换Thehousewhoseroofisyellowismine.=Thehouseofwhichtheroofisyellowismine.【巩固练习】1.单句改错(1)Thisisthelibrarywhowasbuiltlastyear.(2)Mr.Greenisateacherwhoclassesarequitelively.(3)There’snothingwhichIcando.(4)ThegirlwiththatItalkedjustnowismysister.(5)ThisisthefirstgiftwhichIhavereceived.(6)I’mthepersonwithwhoyoucanalwaysshareeverything.(7)Scientistswhicharefrom20countriescametogethertodiscussit.(8)Inthedarkstreet，therewasn'tasinglepersonwhomshecouldturnforhelp【keys】(1)who----that(2)who----whose(3)which----that(4)that----whom(5)which----that(6)who---whom(7)which----whom(8)whom前加to2.单句填空（1）Iwillneverforgetthedays_______Ispentwithyourfamily.（2）Doyoustillremembertheplace______wevisitedlastweek?（3）I’llgiveyoueverything_____Ihave.（4）Theyaretalkingabouttheschoolandtheteachers_____theyvisitedyesterday.（5）Thisisthefactory_______producescars.（6）Thisisthebestgift_______I’veeverreceived.（7）Theroomof______thewallispinkismysister’s.（8）All________Italkedtoyouistrue.【keys】(1)that/which(2）that/which(3)that(4)that(5)that/which(6)that(7)which(8)that二．辨析关系副词when,where,why例题1.Therecomesatimewhentheoldmustgivewaytothenew.解析：when指代先行词atime,在从句中充当时间状语。例题2：ThisistheschoolwhereIusedtostudy解析：where指代先行词school,在从句中充当地点状语。例题3.ThisisthereasonwhyIdidn’tshowupyesterday.解析：why指代先行词reason，在从句中充当原因状语。【归纳】when,where,why词性为副词，在从句中只能充当状语。关系副词前不需要任何介词。【拓展】1.when=介词+which(介词可为in,on,at,during等)ThisisthedaywhenIcamehere.=ThisisthedayonwhichIcamehere.2.where=...
