Module3Unit1TheworldofoursensesGrammarandusageTeachingAims:1.learnandusethenounclauses.TeachingProceduresStep1Presentation名词性从句名词性从句相当于名词,可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此,名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。(一)引导名词性从句的连接词1、连接代词:who,whose,whom,what,which。有词义,在从句中担任成分,如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。2、连接副词:when,where,why,how。有词义,在从句中担任成分,作状语。3、连接词:that,whether,if,asif,that无词义,在从句中不担任成分,有时可省略;if(whether),asif虽有词义,但在从句中不担任成分。注意:一切从句都要用陈述句语序。(二)主语从句1、主语从句在复合句作主语。e.g.Whowillgoisnotimportant.2、用it作形式主语,主语从句放在句末。e.g.Itdoesn’tmattersomuchwhetheryouwillcomeornot.3、that引导主语从句时,不能省略。e.g.Thathesuddenlyfellilllastweekmadeussurprised.8有时为避免句子头重脚轻,常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首,而把主语从句置于句末。常用句型如下:(1)It+be+名词+that从句Itiscommonknowledgethat………是常识Itisasurprisethat…令人惊奇的是……Itisafactthat…事实是……(2)It+be+形容词+that从句Itisnecessarythat…有必要……Itisimportantthat…重要的是……Itisobviousthat…很明显……(3)It+be+动词的过去分词+that从句Itisbelievedthat…人们相信……Itisknowntoallthat…众所周知……Ithasbeendecidedthat…已决定……(4)It+不及物动词+that从句Itappearsthat…似乎……Ithappensthat…碰巧……Itoccurredtomethat…我突然想起……(三)表语从句1、表语从句在复合句中作表语,位于系动词之后。e.g.Thequestionwaswhocouldgothere.2、引导表语从句的连接词that有时可省去。e.g.Myideais(that)wecangetmorecomradestohelpinthework.(四)宾语从句1、宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。引导宾语从句的连词that一般可省略。e.g.Ihope(that)everythingisallright.2、介词之后的宾语从句,不可用which或if连接,要分别用what或whether。e.g.I’minterestedinwhetheryou’vefinishedthework..I’minterestedinwhatyou’vesaid.93、whether与if都可以引导宾语从句,常可互换。但下面情况不能互换。①宾语从句是否定句时,只用if,不用whether。e.g.Iwonderifitdoesn’train.②用if会引起误解,就要用whether。e.g.Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouwanttogo(此句如果把whether改成if,容易当成条件句)③宾语从句中的whether与ornot直接连用,就不能换成if;不直接连用,可换。e.g.Idon’tknowwhetherornotthereportistrue.Idon’tknowwhether/ifthereportistrueornot.④介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导。whether可与不定式连用。whether也可引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句,还可引导让步状语从句,以上均不能换成if。但引导条件从句时,只能用if,而不能用whether。e.g.Itdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughtime.Theydon’tknowwhethertogothere.Pleasecometoseemeifyouhavetime.(五)同位语从句同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语,用来说明名词的内容,这些名词有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。例如:.Ihavenoideawhenhewillbeback.Thefactthathehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedeverybody.同位语从句和定语从句的区别:that作为关系代词,可以引导定语从句,充当句子成分,在从句中作宾语时可以省略;that引导同位语从句时,起连词的作用,没有实际意义,不充当句子成分,一般不能省略。试比较下面两个例句:Ihadnoideathatyouwerehere.(that引导同位语从句,不能省略)Haveyougottheidea(that)thisbookgivesyou(that引导定语从句,作宾语,可以省略)Step2Practice一、判断下列各句哪句含有名词性从句,并指出是什么从句:101.Chinaisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.2.Thetruththatt...