Unit1GreatScientistsReadingScientists:AlexanderBellelectricityThomasEdisontheFirsttelephoneWrightBrotherstheelectricLampMadameCurieblackholesinUniverseFranklinTheoryofGravityStevenHawkingtheFirstPlaneElbertEinsteinRadiumIsaacNewtontheTheoryofRelativityScientists&Contributions:Archimedes(阿基米德)Warmingup:1.Whichscientistdiscoveredthatobjectsinwaterareliftedupbyaforcethathelpsthemfloat?AncientGreek(287-212BC)AmathematicianCharlesDarwin2.Whowroteabookexplaininghowanimalsandplantsdevelopedastheenvironmentchanged?theOriginofSpeciesWarmingup:“fatherofmodernbiology”MarieCurieWarmingup:3.Whodiscoveredradium?4.WhoinventedthewayofgivingelectricitytoeverybodyIlargecities?ThomasEdisonPre-reading:infectiousdiseases:Theycanbespreadtootherpeople.Theyhaveanunknowncause.Theyaredifficulttocure.Theyneedpublichealthcaretosolvethem.Pre-reading:Skimming::Whowasthegreatscientistinthepassageandwhatwasthedeadlydiseaseofitsday?•JohnSnow•choleraCholera:Itbeginsinthestomachandaseverecasecanleadtodeathwithoutimmediatetreatment.Andthevictimsdiedveryquicklyfromalossofliquidafterseverevomiting(呕吐)anddiarrhoea(腹泻).CarefulReading:JohnSnowwasandoctorinLondonwhoQueenVictoriaasherpersonal.Hethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopletocholera.Thoughthecauseandtheofitwereunknown,hewantedtofacetheandsolvetheproblem.expertattendedphysicianexposedcurechallengeCarefulReading:1.Whatwerethetwotheoriesaboutthecauseofcholera?2.WhichdidJohnSnowwanttoprove?3.Whatwashismethodofdoingtheresearch?…multiplied……victims……absorb…Thesecondone.Togatherinformationintwoparticularstreets.CarefulReading:1.Whatdidhedowiththeresultsofhisenquiry?2.Whatvaluablecluedidhegetaboutthecauseofthedisease?3.Whatmightbethecause?Markedonamap…Manyofthedeaths……hadnodeaths.Itseemedthatthewaterwastoblameforcholera.ManyofthedeathswerenearthewaterpumpinBroadStreet.deathPartofSnow’sCholeraMapCarefulReading:1.Whydidhetellpeopletoremovethehandlefromthepump?2.Whathappenedafterthehandlewasremoved?Sothat……sloweddownCarefulReading:1.Wheredidthewomanliveandwhatdidshehaddeliveredtoherhouseeveryday?2.Whatdidtheirdeathssuggest?3.WhatmeasuresdidJohnSnowtaketopreventthediseasefromspreading?AwayfromBroadStreetWaterfromthepumpThepollutedwatercarriedthevirus..suggestedthat…beexamined…wereinstructednottoexpose…to…Findthemainideaofeachparagraph:1.Thecausesofcholera2.Thecorrectorpossibletheory3.Collectdataonthosewherepeoplewereillanddiedandwheretheygottheirwater4.Plotinformationonamaptofindoutwherepeoplediedordidnotdie5.Analysethewatertoseeifthatisthecauseoftheillness.6.Findotherevidencestoconfirmhisconclusion7.ThepolluteddirtysourceofdrinkingwaterwastoblameforthecauseoftheLondoncholera.CarefulReading:drawaconclusionThinkofamethodCollectresultsMakeaquestionFindaproblemAnalysetheresultsFindsupportingevidence①③②④⑤⑥⑦Stagesinsettingoutanewscientificidea:DicussingFindmoreinformationaboutcholeraandJohnSnowontheInternet.Homework:
