区别要点（一）考考点点锁锁定定1.关系代词和关系副词的用法；2.只能用that或who引导定语从句的情况；3.由“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句；4.as引导的定语从句;5.通过关系代词或关系副词来考查定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句的区别。定语从句考考点点要要览览在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句,它相当于一个形容词,置于名词与代词之后。关系代词which,that,who,whom,whose,as关系副词where,when,why。一、关系代词的用法1.which指物，that指其前的人或物，who指人，在从句中which，that和who作从句中的主语或宾语，who作宾语可以代替whom,作宾语时可省略。如：Thetrainwhich/thatwasgoingtoShanghaiwaslate.(指物，在从句中作主语，不能省略)Theman(that)yousawjustnowisourteacher.(that指人，在从句中作宾语，可省略）which可引导一种非限制性定语从句，代表主句所表达的意思,例如：Heowesalargesumofmoneytothebank,whichisnotasecret.Maryfailedagainintheexam,whichallofusdidn’tbelieveatall.下面几种情况只能用that引导定语从句，不能用which：(1)先行词为下列不定代词all,much,little,few,something,anything,everything,nothing等时:(2)先行词被下列词all,any,every,few,little,no,some等修饰时:(3)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时:Everythingthatcanbedonehasbeendone.Ihavereadallthebooks(that)yougaveme.Thisisthebestfilms(that)Ihaveeverseen.ItwasthefirsttimethatIhadbeeninBeijing.(4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast等修饰时：(5)先行词既有人又有物时：(6)在以who、which开头的特殊疑问句中,以避免重复：Thisistheverybook(that)Iamafter.Hespokeofthemenandthethings(that)hehadseenabroad.Whoisthegirlthatisstandingoverthere?Whichisthecarthathittheboy?2.who,whom指人，在从句中who可作主语和宾语，whom只作宾语，that可代用who和whom。whom作宾语时可用who替代，也可省略。Theboywho/thathelpedyouismybrother.(who指代“theboy”,在从句中作主语，不能省略)Theman(whom/who/that)yousawjustnowisourteacher.(引导词在从句中作saw的宾语，可以省略)只能用who不能用that指“人”的情况(1)当先行词是指人的代词：one,ones,anyone,those等或人称代词时:(2)在“therebe”结构中:(3)当先行词是人,后面有较长修饰语时:Thosewhohaveastrongwillaresuretomakeadifference.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.Thereisayoungmanwhowantstoseeyou.ImetafriendofmineintheparkwhohadgotthreegoldmedalsintheOlympics.3.whose在从句中作定语。指“某人(物)的”,相当于“the+名词+ofwhich/whom”或“the+名词+ofwhich/whom”：Flora,whosehairanddresswerewetandcold,startedcrying.(=thehairanddressofwhom)Helivesinaroomwhosewindowfacessouth.(=thewindowofwhich)比较：Hereisthegirl,ofwhomthemotherworksinthisshop.Helivesinaroom,ofwhichthewindowfacessouth.根据从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯及从句自身含义的需要，可将介词放在which/whom之前，介词后不用that：Isthisthesoliderfromwhomyougotagun?IrememberthedayonwhichIfirstmethim.ThisisthegirlaboutwhomIoftentalk.=ThisisthegirlofwhomIoftenspeak.Hemadeaholeinthewall,throughwhichhecouldseewhatwashappeningoutside.TheChineseteamgot16goldmedals,ofwhich12werewonbywomen.二、“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句但是,在含有介词的固定词组中，介词不能前置。如：Thisistheteacher(whom)youarelookingfor.Moreexamples根据需要，还可用“代词（名词、数词、形容词等+ofwhich/whom”来引导定语从句：Hehastwosisters,bothofwhomareactress.TherearealotofislandsinChina,thelargestofwhichisTaiwanIsland.Themedicalteamconsistsoftenpeople,8ofwhomareexperiencednurses.TherearemanykindsofbirdsinAustralia,andover140speciesofsnakes,manyofwhichareextremelydangerous.1.when指时间，在从句中作时间状语，可用“介词(on,in,at,during等)＋which”代替：2.where指地点，在从句...
