美国文学史名词解释

1.AmericanPuritanism清教2.It comes from the American puritans, who were the first immigrants moved to American continent in the 17th century. Original sin, predestination （预言）and salvation（拯救）were the basic ideas of American Puritanism. And, hard-working, p i o u s n e s s （ 虔诚 , 尽 职 ） ， t h r i f ta n ds o b r i e t y （ 清醒 ）w e r ep r a i s e d . Characteristics: 特点1. Idealistic: Puritans pursue the purity and simplicity in worship. They focuse the glory of God, and the angry believe in the doctrine of destiny, original sin, limited atonement 2. Practical: Puritans come to Amrican to do business and make profits with the desire of chasing wealth and status. They have to struggle for survival under the severity of the western frontier. 3 .The struggle between the spiritual and the material is the basics of the Puritan mind. On the one hand, Puritans chase the purity of the early the other hand, they come to America to earn money. This contradictory will be reflected by their thoughts. 4. In a word, it rests on purity, ambition, harding work, and an intense struggling for success. 3.Romanticism浪漫主义 : the literature term was first applied to the writers of the 18 thcentury in Europe who broke away from the formal rules of classical writing. When it was used in American literature it referred to the writers of the middle of the 19thcentury who stimulated （刺激） the sentimental emotions of their readers. They wrote of the mysterious of life, love, birth and death. The Romantic writers expressed themselves freely and without restraint. They wrote all kinds of materials, poetry, essays, plays, fictions, history, works of travel, and biography. 4.Transcenden...