Unit 11 Section One Tactics for listening Part1 spot dictation Give your child the happiness trait Happiness is both a "state" and a "trait". The state of happiness is a (1) mood that comes and goes. I can (2) induce it in my two-year-old daughter simply by making a (3) silly face. The trait of happiness is more (4) stable. I see it in my daughter when she gets out of bed with a smile, eager to (5) take on the day. Even when life isn't so pleasant, she can sustain her (6) optimism and hopefulness. A recipe for a happy disposition through life is harder to (7) come by, but researchers have identified key (8) ingredients. By focusing on these, parents are more likely to raise children with the (9) trait of happiness built into their (10) character. 1) Give your child choices. 2) Resist the urge to (11) spoil. Common sense suggests that people with (12) adequate incomes are happier than those (13) without. The key word is "adequate". What is important is having enough to (14) provide for basic needs and feeling content with what you have. 3) (15) Encourage broad interests. 4) Teach resilience*. Everyone has ways to (16) cope with bad days. A child should be taught to find solace in things that will (17) restore his sense of well-being. 5) (18) Promote a happy home. One of the best ways to help a child find (19) enduring happiness is for the parents to (20) look for it in their own lives. Part 2 Listening for Gist Old and young, single and married, rich and poor - anyone can be lonely, irrespective of the number of friends, family and social contacts they actually have. Women, the elderly, the young, the single parent, the widowed and the unemployed are most at risk....
