UnitELEVEN:TEXTIWordsandExpressions1)spasm(l.1)n.aninvoluntarymuscularcontraction;hereasuddenviolentspell(of)痉挛；（感情等的）一阵发作e.g.aspasmofpain阵痛aspasmofcoughing一阵咳嗽aspasmofthestomach胃痉挛synonyms:spell;fit;convulsion2)futile(l.3)adj.ineffective;unsuccessfule.g.Allhisattemptstounlockthecarwerefutile,becausehewasusingthewrongkey.synonyms:futile;barren;bootless;fruitless;unavailing;useless;vainThecentralmeaningsharedbytheseadjectivesis“producingnoresultoreffect”afutileeffort徒劳abarrensearch白费劲的研究bootlessentreaties无用的乞求fruitlesslabors无收益的劳动anunavailingattempt无效的尝试auselessdiscussion没有结果的讨论；vainregrets毫无意义的悔恨3)insinuate(l.4)vt.introducesomethingindirectlyandsubtly使巧妙的进入;suggestsomethingunpleasantlyandindirectly暗示；含沙射影e.g.AreyouinsinuatingthatI’mtellingalie?你这是在暗示我是在说谎吗？~doubtsintosb.’smind使某人慢慢产生怀疑~oneselfintosb.’sfavour巧妙地逐渐逐渐取得某人的宠信4)convulsive(l.4)adj.havingaviolentinvoluntarycontraction;spasmic;spasmodiccollocation:~rage震怒a~movementofthemuscles肌肉痉挛5)illumination(l.5)n.enlightenment;edification启迪；教诲6)recuperation(l.6)n.gettingbackstrength;gettingfreefromworry恢复；复原7)improvise(l.10)vi&vt.makeordowithoutpreparation,sufficientmaterial,etc.即兴创作；临时准备e.g.Heimprovisedadinnerfortheunexpectedguests.他为不速之客临时准备了晚餐。Ifanactorforgetshiswords,hehastoimprovise.如果一个演员忘了台词，他必须临时现编。~apoem即席作诗8)sedulously(l.12)adv.diligently;assiduously勤勉；勤奋；坚忍不拔9)vivifyingfruits(l.12)resultsthatgiveonerelaxation/refreshmentvivify:vt.togiveorbringlifeto;animatevivifyapuppet使木偶变得有活力（有生气）10)command(l.26)vt.havewithinreach;bemasterof掌握；对……有支配权e.g.Thisislandcountrycommandsimmensenaturalresources.这个岛国有极其丰富的自然资源。11)caprice(l.27)n.suddenwishtohaveordosomething;whim;fancy;（fad狂热；一时的爱好）反复无常；怪想e.g.Heactednotfromreason,butfromcaprice.他不是凭理智，而是凭幻想来行事。12)banish(l.42)vt.driveout;getridof;dismiss放逐；驱逐（出境）；消除e.g.Banishthatthoughtfromyourmind.你不要那样想了/打消这个念头吧。banishsb.from放逐，（尤指）驱逐出境13)undue(l.6)adj.excessive;notjust,proper,orlegal不当；过分；过度withunduehaste过于仓促Don'ttreatthematterwithunduehaste.不要草率地处理此事。showundueconcernoversb./sth.对某人（某事）表现过分关心14)aggravate(l.16)vt.makeworseormoreserious使恶化；加重e.g.Hisbadtemperwasaggravatedbyhisheadache.头疼使他的脾气更坏。Don'taggravateme,child.孩子,不要惹我生气。grav-意思是重（heavy），同根词还有：grave（adj.重大的；严重的）；gravity（n.重力）15)invain(l.28)徒然；枉然；无结果地e.g.Thepolicetriedinvaintobreakuptheprotestcrowds.警察企图驱散抗议的人群,但没有成功。Allourworkwasinvain.我们所有的工作都白费了。II.Paraphrase1.Themoreyouattempttoshakeoffyourworry,theharderitwillbeforyoutogetridofit..2.Itisnotagoodideatobeginthinkingofpursuingahobbywhenyouhavealreadygrownold.3.Itisnogoodbelievingthatyouareinapositiontoenjoyatamoment’snoticeanypastimewhichhappenstocatchyourfancy;pleasurecomesfromexertingone’stalentsinahobbysuitedtoone’scircumstances.4.Sincethoseverywealthypeoplecanaffordtogetaccesstoalmostanythingtheymaythinkofandtoturnthemostfancifulideasintoreality,thereisnothinginthisworldthatcaninterestorexcitethemanymore.Tothem,anewpleasure,anewexcitementmayveryoftenmakethemeven...
