浅析巴赫《勃兰登堡协奏曲》的创作特征

摘 要《勃兰登堡协奏曲》，是作曲家巴赫在克藤时代创作的六首不同的协奏曲，这部作品并非巴赫短期内集中创作，凝聚了作曲家大量的心血，后世给予了相当高的评价，尊它为那个时代协奏曲的典范。《勃兰登堡协奏曲》之所以拥有这种超然的地位和作曲家个人的复调创作能力是分不开的。是巴赫将当时的复调音乐推上了当时的巅峰，《勃兰登堡协奏曲》为当时协奏曲的创作创造了一个新的局面，让后世引为经典。作品不拘一格，保留了德国本土原的复调创作风格，同时推陈出新，加入了新的元素，借鉴意大利音乐技法，使这两种元素有机的结合在一起，展现出了新的特色。作者在创作过程中既取其精华保留了意大利协奏曲灵动、简明的特征，又不忘进行新的发展和尝试，使两者合二为一，这部协奏曲结构简明，结合巴赫高超的复调创作技法，彰显出这部协奏曲独特的魅力，其旋律优美，节奏紧凑却不紧张，很适合当时宫廷审美需要。文章以巴赫《勃兰登堡第四协奏曲》为例，对巴赫协奏曲的创作风格进一步剖析，继而加深对巴赫 , 《勃兰登堡协奏曲》的认识和了解 。关键词：巴赫;协奏曲;创作手法AbstractThe Brandenburg Concerto", the composer Bach in the Kato era of six different concerto, this work is not Bach in the short time concentrated creation, condensed the composer a lot of painstaking effort, later generations gave a fairly high evaluation, respect it for the concerto of the era of the model. The Brandenburg Concerto has this transcendent status and the composer's personal ability of polyphony creation is inseparable. It was Bach who pushed the tune music at the time to the peak, the Brandenburg Concerto created a new situation for the creation of the concerto, which led to a classic. Works eclectic, retains the German native original polyphony creation style, at the same time, added new elements, draw lessons from Italian music techniques, make these two elements organically combine together, show new features. The author has retained the essence of Italian Concerto in the process of creation. Concise characteris...