名词和数词一、名词1.名词的数(1)常用作复数的名词① 有些名词只用作复数或在一些固定用法中只用作复数,如:make preparations (=prepare)。② 成双成对的东西一般只用作复数,如:scissors(剪刀),glasses,trousers,shorts(短裤),socks(短袜)。(2)抽象名词、物质名词具体化a beauty(一个美人或一件美物)→a beauty(一个美人或一件美物)a must(一件必要的事或物)→a must(一件必要的事或物)a tea(一杯茶)→a tea(一杯茶)2.名词作定语(1)用名词作定语修饰另一个名词时,通常用单数形式,如:toothbrushes 牙刷;bookmarks书签。(2)man 和 woman 这两个词比较特殊,用单数还是复数取决于被修饰的名词,如: a man doctor 一名男大夫;two men doctors 两名男大夫。(3)还有少数名词用其复数形式作定语,如:a clothes shop 一家服装店;a sports man 一个运动员。3.名词的所有格(1)表示各自的所有关系时,各名词末尾均须加’s,如:Jane’s and Mary’s bikes。(2)表示共有的所有关系时,在最后一词末加’s,如:Jane and Mary’s father。(3)表示“某人家”“店铺”,所有格后名词常省略,如:the doctor’s;the barber’s。二、数词1.倍数的表达法:(1)倍数+比较级+thanHe has read three times more books than I have.(2)倍数+as+adj./adv.+asWe have produced three times as many computers as we did last year.(3)倍数+the+n.(size,length,width,height...)+ofChina is almost twice/double the size of Mexico in area.(4)倍数+what 从句The length of the road is twice/double what it was three years ago.(5)比较级+than...+by+倍数The ruler is longer than that one by twice.2.表示“每隔……”时,可以使用基数词或序数词,即“every+基数词+名词复数”或“every+序数词+名词单数”,如:表示“每隔两天”用 every three days 或 every third day。1 . Those who suffer from headache will find they get ________ from this medicine.(2010·山东,33)A.relief B.safety C.defense D.shelter2.James took the magazines off the little table to make________ for the television.(2010·天津,3)A.room B.areaC.field D.position3.The doctor is skil...