英语修辞学考试复习重点

Rhe ｔ or ｉ c ａ l opti ｏ ns*1、What ｉ s r ｈ et ｏｒｉｃ？（ D ｅ fi ｎ itions of r ｈｅｔ or ｉ c)the art or sc ｉ ence of mun ｉ c ａｔ ion ｉ n ｗ ord ｓ； t ｈ is art o ｒ science pr ａ ctice ｄ or ta ｕ gh ｔ a ｓ ａ fo ｒ mal discipline， ｅ s ｐ、 thｅ do ｃｔ rine fo ｒ mul ａｔ ed by Aris ｔ otle and t ａ ugh ｔ ｔｈ ro ｕ gh ｏｕt the Middl ｅ ａ ges； over ｏｒ n ａ te or ｏ sten ｔ a ｔ io ｕ s langua ｇｅ、 （Ｌｏ n ｇ man Mode ｒ n E ｎ g ｌ i ｓｈ Dictio ｎ ary)2、Ｗ hat’s t ｈ e purpose of r ｈ e ｔ oric？（两种说法)①The ｐ revailing vi ｅ w a ｂｏ u ｔ th ｅ ｐ urpos ｅ of ｒｈ etoric is to ｅｘｐ res ｓ ones ｅ lf well and t ｏ m ｕｎ ic ａ te e ｆ fe ｃｔ i ｖ e ｌｙ ｉｎ ｏ r ｄ er to se ｃ ure a ｄ e ｓｉ red ｒｅ sult by ｅ m ｐｌ oying rhet ｏ ricaｌ ｍ ea ｎ s e ｆｆｉｃ iently、②“to enlighten the understan ｄ ing ， to ple ａ s ｅ t ｈ e i ｍ aginat ｉ on， to mov ｅ th ｅ pas ｓ i ｏ n ，ｏｒ ｔ o ｉ nfluenc ｅ th ｅ ｗ ill、" “促进理解、引起想象、调动感情、或者说影响人们得意志” (18 世纪苏格兰修辞学家 G ｅｏrge Ca ｍｐ be ｌ l）*3、Wh ａ t is discussed i ｎ rhe ｔ o ｒ ic?（ｃ on ｔ e ｎ ts ｏｆ rhet ｏ rical) Ｒ he ｔ oric is pos ｅ d ｏｆ the ｏ ret ｉ ca ｌ ｒ hetori ｃ an ｄ p ｒａ c ｔ ical ｒｈ e ｔ or ｉ c、 Th ｅｏ re ｔｉ cal rhe ｔ or ｉ c ｄ eals with the ｔｈｅ oretｉｃａ l ｐ r ｏｂ lem of rheto ｒｉ c， w ｈ i ｌｅ prac ｔ ic ａｌ rh ｅtoric helps us im ｐ r ｏｖ e ｏ ur a ｂ ilit ｙ to use the Engl ｉ sh l ａ n ｇ uage effectively、rhe ｔ or ｉ c co ｖ e ｒ s all th ｅ e ｌ e ｍｅ nt ｓ of oral and ｗ ritt ｅ n thｉｎｇ s...