Englishversionofwaterpollutioncourseware•WaterPollutionIntroduction•TypesofWaterPollution•WaterQualityCriteriaandSta•WaterPollutionControlStrategy目录contents01WaterPollutionIntroductionDefinitionofWaterPollutionWaterpollutionreferstotheintroductionofhazardoussubstancesintonaturalwaterbodies,resultinginthedegradationofwaterqualityandpotentialharmtohumanhealthandecologicalsystems01Waterpollutioncanoccurinvariousforms,includingphysical,chemical,andbiologicalpollution0203Themainsourcesofwaterpollutionarehumanactivitiessuchasindustrialandagriculturalpollution,urbanrunoff,andsewagedischargeCausesofWaterPollutionIndustrialwasteAgriculturalpoolingChemicalreserves,heavymetals,andorganiccompoundsareoftendischargedintowaterbodiesduringindustrialproductionprocessesFertilizers,pests,andanimalwastefromfarmscanpoolwaterresourcesUrbanrunoffSewagedischargeStormwaterrunoffcancarrypollutantsfromroads,rooftops,andotherurbansurfacesintowaterbodiesMunicipalandindustrialwastewaterdirectlydischargedintowaterbodiescancausepollutionEffectsofWaterPollutiononHumanhealthEcologicalsystemsWaterpollutioncancausediseasesandhealthproblemsinhumans,suchasgastrointestinaldiseases,skindiseases,andevencancerWaterpollutioncanharmaquaticorganismsanddegradewaterecosystems,leadingtotheappearanceofsomespecificationsandthereductionofbiodiversityWaterresourcesEconomicdevelopmentWaterpollutioncanreducethequantityandqualityofwaterresources,makingitdifficulttouseforvariouspurposes,suchasdrinking,washing,andirrigationWaterpollutioncanaffectthesustainabledevelopmentofaregion,causingeconomiclossesintheagricultural,fishing,andtourismsectors02TypesofWaterPollutionPointSourcePollution010203Pointsourcepollutionreferstothedischargeofpollutantsintoawaterbodyfromasingle,identifiablesource,suchasapipeorstreamTypicalexamplesofpointsourcepollutionincludethePointsourcepollutioncanberegulatedthroughvariablecontrolmeasures,suchaspermitsandemissionstandardsdischargeofindustrialwastewater,agriculturalrunoff,andstormwaterNonPointSourcePollutionNonpointsourcepollutionreferstothediffusedischargeofpollutantsintoawaterbodyfromavarietyofsources,suchasfields,roads,andstormwaterrunoffTypicalexamplesofnonpointsourcepollutionincludesoilerosion,nutrients,andpestsNonpointsourcepoolingisdifficulttoregulatebecauseitssourceisnotlimitedtoasingleidentifiablelocationMunicipalWasteWaterPollutioMunicipalwastewaterpollutioniscausedbythedischargeofsewage01andstormwaterrunofffromresidential,commercial,andinstitutionalsourcesTypicaltreatmentmethodsformunicipalwastewaterincludeprimary,secondary,andtertiarytreatmentprocesses02Municipalwastewaterpollutionisasignificantcontributortowaterpollutioninurbanareas03IndustrialWasteWaterPollutiIndustrialwastewaterpollutionreferstothedischargeofchemicalsandotherpollutantsgeneratedduringindustrialproductionprocessesTypicalexamplesofindustrialwastewaterincludecoolingtowerblowdown,processwastewater,andspentsolutionsIndustrialwastewatertreatmentsystemsarerequiredtocomplywithvariousenvironmentalregulationsandstandards03WaterQualityCriteriaandStaWaterQualityCriteriaCriteriafordissolvedoxygenThedissolvedoxygencontentinwatershouldbesufficienttosupporttheaquaticlifeCriteriaforpHlevelThepHlevelofwatershouldbeneutral,neitheralkalinenoracidic,tomaintainthebalanceoftheecosystemCriteriaforturbineTheturbineofwatershouldbelowenought...
