高一英语Unit4UnforgettableExperiences人教版【本讲教育信息】一.教学内容：Unit4UnforgettableExperiences教学目标：掌握Unit4词汇及词性变化教学重难点：掌握分词的结构分类和主要用法（一）词汇hostn.男主人，男主持人hostessn.女主人occurv.发生Itoccurs（tosb.）that…firen.火makeafirecatchfiresetfiretosetsth.onfireputoutthefirescarev.吓唬scareda.受惊吓的，害怕的scarya.吓人的，恐怖的frightn.恐惧frightenv.吓唬frighteneda.受惊吓的，害怕的frighteninga.吓人的，恐怖的disastern.灾难disastrousa.灾难性的rescuev.救援advancev.n.前进，进步，预先inadvanceadvanceda.先进的seizev.抓住，取得swallowv.吞chewv.咀嚼digestv.消化辨析draw，drag，pulldraw和drag都译为“拖，拽”，draw比起drag，更为轻盈，随意，但它俩都用于拉重物时可以互换，pull只是一般性词汇，只表示“拉、拽”与push相对。strugglev.斗争，挣扎struggleagainststrugglefor/todostrivev.斗争，努力用心爱心专心strivetodoendeavorv.努力，奋力endeavortodoshakev.摇晃，震动shakeone’shandshakehandswithshakeone’sheadstrike，tap，knock，patstrike译为“打击，袭击，受感触”，如：Thepresidentdecidestostriketheterrorism.Thiscitywasstruckbyaseveretornado.Hewasstruckbythebeautifulscenery.tap译为“敲打，敲击”，与knock相近，knock译为“敲打，撞击”pat译为“拍打”如：“…”Fathersaidtomepattingmyshoulder.destroyv.毁坏，摧毁ruinv.毁坏inruinsfearn.forfearofinfearoffearfula.害怕的，可怕的befearfuloffearlessa.无畏的（二）本章语法1.分词的结构我们所说的分词包括现在分词和过去分词现在分词结构主要有：doing，beingdone，havingdone，havingbeendone过去分词只有done2.分词的用法（1）分词做表语，如：Thebasketballmatchwasveryexciting.Hewassurprisedtohearthenews.（2）分词做定语如：Thesleepingboyismynephew.Theboysleepingonthechairismynephew.Thisshoponlysellsusedbooks.ThecitydestroyedintheWorldWarTwoisnowverybeautiful.（3）分词做宾补如：Isawhimcookingjustnow.Hefoundhisroomcleaned.（4）分词做状语，做状语的分词一般在句首，表示时间，方式，条件和原因，起到时间，方式，条件和原因状语从句的作用；放在句末一般表示伴随着谓语动词的一种情况或结果。用心爱心专心如：Enteringtheroom,Ifoundmyselfalone.Beingwatched,hesaidnothing.Crowdedwithpeople,theroomcannotholdanymore.Havingfinishedhishomework,hewentout.Havingbeenaskedtoleave,hepreparedhisluggage.Usingthispen,youcanwritemorefluently.Consideredfromthispointofview,thisquestionisimportant.Beingbusy,hedidn’tgototheparty.Greatlyinspiredbytheteacher’swords,they’vemadeuptheirmindtostudyhard.Thegirlwenttoschoolwearingaredskirt.Theprofessorwalkedtothelab,followedbysomestudents.Whilewaitingthere,hethoughtofagoodidea.Whenheatedforalongtime,watercanboil.Onhearingthenews,wewereallsurprised.（5）分词的时态和语态只有现在分词才有时态和语态形式的变化，而且只有它做状语和定语时才有，表语和宾补时的现在分词一般只用普通式doing。现在分词一般表示与谓语动词同时发生或先于谓语动词发生的动作。如：Hecameintotheroom,singinghappily.Hearingthenews,sheburstintolaugh.现在分词的完成式表示发生在谓语动词之前的动作，如：Havingeatentoomuch,henearlycouldn’tstandup.Nothavingseentheresultofthegame,heaskedthemannexttohim.现在分词的被动语态一般表示一个被动的动作正在进行，如：Themanbeingoperatedonishisbrother.Beingheated,watergivesoutsteam.现在分词的被动语态完成式一般表示一个被动的动作先于谓语动词已完成，如：Havingbeensurrounded,theenemyhadtolaydowntheirweapons.Havingbeentoldnottogo,theystayedthere.过去分词只有一种形式，同时表示被动与完成，与现在分词被动完成式相似，但后者更强调完成。如：Givenag...
