Unit5FirstAid复习动词ing形式[观察例句]1.Asyoucanimagine,gettingburntcanleadtoveryseriousinjuries.2.Youcanprotecttheburntareabycoveringitwithaloosecleancloth.3.Thefirstandmostimportantstepinthetreatmentofburnsisgivingfirstaid.4.Itisbesttoplaceburnsundercoolrunningwater,especiallywithinthefirsttenminutes.5.Ifyouseesomeonechoking,firstcalltheemergencyservices.6.In1974,anAmericandoctor,HenryHeimlich,createdtheHeimlichmanoeuvre,savingthousandsoflivesaroundtheworld.[归纳用法]1.例句1中的getting为动词ing形式在句中作主语。2.例句2中的covering为动词ing形式在句中作宾语。3.例句3中的giving为动词ing形式在句中作表语。4.例句4中的running为动词ing形式在句中作定语。5.例句5中的choking为动词ing形式在句中作宾语补足语。6.例句6中的saving为动词ing形式在句中作状语。一、动词ing形式的基本情况1.动词ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式,包括现在分词和动名词两种。动词ing形式在句中的语法作用:动名词在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语,现在分词在句中作状语、宾语补足语和定语。2.动词ing形式的时态和语态:语态时态主动语态被动语态一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendoneReadingaloudisagoodwaytolearnalanguage.大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。Havingstudiedhislessonsveryhard,hepassedtheexam.努力学习了功课,他通过了考试。Thebuildingbeingbuiltnowwillbefinishednextmonth.正在建设的建筑物下个月将完工。二、动词ing形式作主语1.动词ing形式作主语时,往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作,通常置于句首。Sayingisonething,anddoingisanother.说是一回事,而做是另一回事。Havingawalkeverydayhelpstomakeonekeephealthy.每天散步有助于一个人保持健康。[名师点津]动名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。Climbingmountainsisreallydifficultfortheold.对于老人来说爬山确实困难。2.形式主语it代替动词ing形式作主语。此类句式常见的有:It'sawasteoftimedoingsth.做某事是浪费时间It'suseless/worthwhiledoingsth.做某事没用/是值得的It'snogood/use/fundoingsth.做某事没好处/没用/没意思Itisawasteoftimepersuadingsuchapersontojoinus.劝说这种人加入我们是浪费时间。Itisnogood/useregrettingforthepast.悔恨过去是没用的。3.v.ing形式和todo作主语时的区别。v.ing形式和todo都可以作主语。v.ing形式作主语表示比较抽象的一般行为,todo作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。Playingwithfireisdangerous.玩火危险。(泛指)Singingismyhobby,andtosingatmyfriend'sbirthdaypartyismydream.唱歌是我的爱好,在朋友的生日宴会上唱歌是我的梦想。[即学即练1]单句语法填空①Ican'tstandworking(work)withJaneinthesameoffice.②It'snousecomplaining(complain)withouttakingaction.③Volunteering(volunteer)justfeelssogood.④Beinginvited(invite)tothepartywasagreathonourtothefamily.三、动词ing形式作宾语1.作动词的宾语。接v.ing形式作宾语的常用动词(短语)有:avoid,miss,delay/putoff避免错过少延期advise,finish,practise建议完成多练习enjoy,imagine,can'thelp喜欢想象禁不住admit,deny,envy承认否定与嫉妒escape,risk,excuse逃避冒险莫原谅stand,keep,mind忍受保持不介意Headmittedreferringtohisnotesintheexam.他承认在考试中查阅了笔记。Shecan'tstandbeinglookeddownuponinpublic.她忍受不了在公众场合被人看不起的感觉。Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow?你介意打开窗子吗?Hetriedtoavoidansweringmyquestions.他试图对我的问题避而不答。2.作介词的宾语。在下面的短语中,常用动词ing形式作介词的宾语:begoodat擅长;dreamof梦想;careabout在乎;beconcernedabout关心;beinterestedin对……感兴趣;feellike想要;insiston坚持;thinkof认为;aimat瞄准;setabout开始做;beusedto习惯于;getdownto开始做;leadto导致;devoteoneselfto献身于……;lookforwardto期...