高中英语Module 1 Europe-GrammarVIP专享VIP免费

Module1EuropeGrammar—Passivevoiceandsubjectandverbagreement■Goals●Tolearnaboutpassivevoice:presentandpastforms●Tolearnaboutsubjectandverbagreement■ProceduresStep1:Learningaboutpassivevoice:presentandpastformsForeverytenseintheActiveVoice,thereisacorrespondingtenseinthePassiveVoice.InthePassiveVoice,theverbtobeactsasanauxiliary.ThePassiveVoicetensesofanEnglishverbareformedfromthecorrespondingconjugationsoftobe,followedbythepastparticipleoftheverb.TheFormationofpassivevoice:presentandpastformsTenseAuxiliaryVerbFormSimplePresentam/is/arepastparticiplePresentContinuousam/is/arebeingpastparticiplePresentPerfecthave/hasbeenpastparticiplePresentPerfectContinuoushave/hasbeenbeingpastparticipleSimplePastwas/werepastparticiplePastContinuouswas/werebeingpastparticiplePastPerfecthadbeenpastparticiplePastPerfectContinuoushadbeenbeingpastparticipleSimpleFuturewill(shall)bepastparticipleFutureContinuouswill(shall)bebeingpastparticipleFuturePerfectwill(shall)havebeenpastparticipleFuturePerfectContinuouswill(shall)havebeenbeingpastparticipleStep2:MakingpassivevoicesentencesinpresentandpastformsNowyouaregoingtoturnasmanysentencesfromGreatEuropeanCitiesaspossibleintopassivevoicesentencesinpresentandpastforms.ParisismadethecapitalofFrance.ParisisbuiltontheRiverSeine.Parisisregardedasoneofthemostbeautifulcitiesintheworld.Parisisvisitedbymorethaneightmilliontouristseveryyear.TheEiffelTowerislookedasthemostpopularplacefortourists.TheEiffelTowerismadethefamoussymbolofPairs.TheLouvreisalsofoundinParis.TheChurchoftheSagradaFamiliawasdesignedbyanarchitect.ThearchitectiscalledAntonioGaudi.Thechurchhasn’tbeenfinishedyet.Thepaintingswereproducedbygreatartists.Florenceisvisitedeachyearbyaboutamilliontourists.Athensisfoundtobethebirthplaceofwesterncivilization.用心爱心专心116号编辑TheParthenonwasbuiltduringthisperiod.Greece’sbestwriterswereinvitedtoliveinancientAthens.Otherwriterswereinfluencedbythem.Step3:LearningaboutsubjectandverbagreementBasicPrinciple:Singularsubjectsneedsingularverbs;pluralsubjectsneedpluralverbs.Forexample:Mybrotherisateacher.Mysistersaremathematicians.Thesubjectofasentencemustagreewiththeverbofthesentence.Howdotheyagree?Theymustagreeintwoways:innumber:singularvs.plural,inperson:first,second,orthirdperson.Weallknowthesemeaningsof"agree,"butwhenwetalkaboutsubject-verbagreement;we'retalkingaboutsomethingdifferent:matchingsubjectsandverbsaccordingtonumber.Thatis,whenyouhaveasingularsubject,youhavetomatchitwithasingularverbform:Theboyplays.Whenyouhaveapluralsubject,youmusthaveapluralverbform:Theboysplay.Inshort,simplesentences,youshouldhavenoproblemwithagreement.Youcanheartheproblem:Theboysplays.Whenit'swrong,itjustsoundsfunny.Step4:Summarizingsubjectandverbagreement“morethanone＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词常用单数:Morethanoneteachersgetsthedictionaries.“manya＋名词”作主语时，从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词常用单数：Manyaworkershasbeensenttobuildthedam．“halfof,therestof,mostof,allof及百分数或分数＋of等后接名词”作主语时，谓语动词形式根据of后的名词而定：Threefourthsofthelandiscoveredwithtrees.all指人时，动词用复数；all指物时，动词用单数：Allarepresentandallisgoingwell.what引导的主语从句，谓语动词可视表语而定：表语是单数名词时，动词用单数，相反，则用复数：Whattheywanttogetareanumberofgoodcars.and连接的两个单数名词前若用each,every,no修饰，该名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式：...