GeneralcoursewareforEnglishnounsinthecolleg目录•ClassificationofNouns•Thenumberofnouns•Thecaseofanoun•Thenatureofnouns•UsageofNouns01ClassificationofNounsPropernounsarenamesofspecificindividuals,organizations,events,orplaces.Theyareusuallycapitalized,suchas"Apple,""Microsoft,""NewYork."Propernounsareoftenderivedfrompropernouns,suchas"AppleMusic,""MicrosoftOffice,""NewYorkTimes."ProperterminologyCommonnounsarenamesforgeneralcategoriesofthingsorideas.Theyarenotcapitalized,suchas"car,""dog,""cat."Commonnounscanbefurtherclassifiedintocountableanduncountablenouns.Countablenounscanbepluralized,suchas"dogs,""cats,"whileuncountablenounscannotbepluralized,suchas"milk,""bread."Commonnoun0102AbstractnounAbstractnounsareusuallyuncountableandcannotbepluralized.Abstractnounsarenamesforabstractideasorqualities,suchas"happiness,""love,""wisdom."•Specificnounsarenamesforspecifictypesofthingsorideaswithinageneralcategory.Theyareusuallycapitalizedandcanbecountableoruncountable,suchas"iPhone,""MicrosoftSurface,""Linux."Specificnouns02ThenumberofnounsCountablenounsarethosethatcanbecountedormeasured,suchas"book","apple","person".Theyhaveapluralform,andthepluralformisusuallyobtainedbyadding"-s"or"-es"totheendofthesingularform.Countablenounscanalsobemodifiedbyadjectives,andcanbeusedinthesubject,object,andpossessivecases.CountablenounUncountablenounsarethosethatcannotbecountedormeasured,suchas"milk","bread","rice".Theydonothaveapluralform,andcannotbemodifiedbyadjectives.Uncountablenounsareusuallyusedasthesubjectorobjectofasentence,andcanalsobeusedinthepossessivecase.UncountablenounSomenounscanbeconvertedfromcountabletouncountable,andviceversa.Forexample,"information"isanuncountablenoun,butitcanbeconvertedtoacountablenounbyadding"piece"or"item"totheendofit,suchas"apieceofinformation".Theconversionbetweencountableanduncountablenounsisusuallydeterminedbythecontextandthemeaningofthesentence.Itisimportanttounderstandtheusageandmeaningofeachnouninordertocorrectlyuseitinasentence.Theconversionbetweencountableanduncountablenouns03Thecaseofanoun010203NominativecaseThisisthebasiccaseofanounandisusedwhenthenounisthesubjectofasentence.Forexample,"Thedogchasedthecat."Inthissentence,"dog"isinthenominativecaseasitisthesubject.UsageThenominativecaseisusedforsubjects,predicatenouns,andpropernames.Itisthemostcommoncaseformandisfoundinmostsentences.FormsThenominativecasehasnospecialformsandremainsthesameasthebaseformofthenoun.However,thereareexceptionssuchascollectivenounsandpropernamesthathavespecialforms.NominativecasePossessivecase:Thiscaseisusedtoshowpossessionorownership.Itisindicatedbyaddinganapostropheandan's'totheendofthenoun.Forexample,"Thecat'stailwaslong."Inthissentence,"cat's"isinthepossessivecaseasitshowsownershipofthetailbythecat.Usage:Thepossessivecaseisusedtoshowpossessionorownershipofthings,animals,orpeople.Itisalsousedinplacenamesandtimeexpressions.Forms:Thepossessivecasehasdifferentformsforsingularandpluralnouns.Forsingularnouns,thepossessivecaseendsin's,whileforpluralnouns,itendsineither'sorjustanapostrophe.Possessivecase04Thenatureofnouns•Masculinenounsaretypicallyassociatedwithmaleindividualsorobjectsthathaveamasculinequality.Theyareusuallyendsin"-man","-boy","-o","-er","-es","-is","-us"andsoon.masculinenoun•Somecommonmasculinenounsinclude"man","boy","actor","engineer","boss","piano"...
