实用标准文案文档大全VerbpatternsForanyonewhoislearningtospeakorwritecorrectEnglish,themostimportantwordinasentenceistheverb.ForthisreasonthecompilersoftheDictionaryhavepaidparticularattentiontoverbpatterns.Theseshowthelearnerhowtouseverbstoformcorrectsentences.ApersonlearningEnglishasaforeignlanguagemaybetemptedtoformsentencesbyanalogy.Forexample,hehearsorseessuchsentencesasPleasetellmethemeaningandPleaseshowmetheway(anindirectobjectfollowedbyadirectobject).Byanalogyheformstheincorrectsentence*Pleaseexplainmethemeaning(insteadofPleaseexplainthemeaningtome).HehearsorseessuchsentencesasIintendtocome,Iproposetocome,andIwanttocome,andbyanalogyheformstheincorrectsentencesas*Isuggesttocome(insteadofIsuggestthatIshouldcome).HehearsorseessuchsentencesasIaskedhimtocome,Itoldhimtocome,andIwantedhimtocome,andbyanalogyheformssuchincorrectsentencesas*Iproposedhimtocomeand*Isuggestedhimtocome(insteadofIproposed/suggestedthatheshouldcome).HenotesthatHebegantotalkaboutthemattermeansthesameasHebegantalkingaboutthematterandsupposes,wrongly,thatHestoppedtotalkaboutthemattermeansthesameasHestoppedtalkingaboutthematter.Tohelpthelearnertoavoidsuchmistakes,thecompilersoftheDictionaryhaveprovidedasetoftablesinwhichvariousVerbPatternsaresetoutwithexamples.Eachpatternhasanumberedcode(forexample,[VP5],[VP6A],[VP21]),andthisprovidesalinkbetweenthetablesandtheverbentriesintheDictionary,becauseeveryverbentryhasitsowncode(orseveralcodesifthereareseveralmeanings).Afewexampleswillshowhowthelearnercanreferfromthe[VP]codesinentriestothe[VP]tablesintheIntroduction.OneofthepatternsgivenintheDictionaryforcongratulateis[VP14],andthisverbisalsousedinoneoftheexamplesinthe[VP]tablefor[VP14]:Wecongratulatedhimonhissuccess.Thepatternprovidedforthesecondmeaningofconsideris[VP6A].Ifthelearnerturnstothattablehewillfindseveralexamplesbasedonthatpattern,forexampleWeallenjoyedthefilm.Thiswillhelphimtoformacorrectsentencewithconsiderin[VP6A],forexampleHeconsideredtheproblem.Sometimesextrainformationisgiveninanentrytohelpthelearnertolearntherightpattern.Forexample,intheentryforabsolve,hewillfindtheverb+preposition~(from),placedafterthecodes[VP6A,14].Thisshowsthattheverbcanbeusedasinabsolveamanfromavow.Intheentryforaccedetherearethecodes[VP2A,3A],followedby~(to),showingthattheverbmaybeusedasinaccedetoaproposal.Itisimportanttonotethatthelearnerisnotexpectedtomemorizetheseverbpatterns.Theyareasimplereferencesystem,apracticaltooltoguidethelearnerwhowantstoformcorrectsentences.Theyareawayofhelpingthelearnerwhowillbenefitfromalistofthegrammaticalrulesthatunderliethedifferentsortsofexamplesentencesthataregivenintheentriesforverbs.实用标准文案文档大全AfulltreatmentoftheseverbpatternsisfoundinGuidetoPatternsandUsageinEnglish,byA.S.Hornby(OxfordUniversityPress).Note:Theuseoftheasterisk*indicatesthatthephraseorsentenceisanexampleofincorrectusage.[VP1]Thispatternisfortheverbbe.Thesubjectcomplementmaybeanoun,apronoun,anadjective,anadjectivephrase(eg.aprepositionalgroup).Theremaybeanadverbialadjunctoraninfinitivephrase.Subject+BEsubjectcomplement/adjunct1.Thisis2.Thissuitcaseis3.Thechildrenare4.Thisbookis5.Thisisabook.mine.asleep.foryou.whereIwork.Therearevariationswithintroductorythere/it.There/It+BEsubject1.Therewas2.Itwasimpossible3.Itwasapityalargecrowd.togofurther.theweatherwassobad.[VP2]A组:Thispatternisforverbswhichmaybeusedwit...
