Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestarsRelatedConception(相关概念)1.名词:表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。2.名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分?名词在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。TheboyisliMing.主语表语Ms.Wu,a30-year-oldlady,teachesusEnglish.主语同位语宾语在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫名词性从句。什么是名词性从句?名词性从句主语从句(TheSubjectClause)宾语从句(TheObjectClause)表语从句(ThePredicativeClause)同位语从句(TheAppositiveClause)请判断出下列的句子属于哪种从句WhatIwanttodoistakingabath.Thenewsthattheywonthegamespreadthewholeschool.Idon’tthinkthatheisanhonestboy.Thefactisthathestolethecar.Doyouknowthefactthathestolethecar?Itissaidthattheywonthegame.1.主语从句主语从句就是从句在主句中作主语的名词性从句。1)Thatshelefthimhurtshimsomuch.2)Thatthefluisacommondiseaseisknowntoall.3)Whetheritwillpleasethemisnoteasytosay.4)Whetherourteacherknewthedetailsoftheeventisdoubtful.*that—只起连接作用，不充当成分，但不能省略。*whether是否，表不确定的事情(不能用If）*that—只起引导作用，不充当成分，但不能省略。*whether是否，表不确定的事情(不能用If）1)Whatlifewillbelikeinthefutureisdifficulttopredict.2)Whichcaryouwillchoosetobuymakesnodifference.(没有影响)3)Whatweneedismorepractice.*what引导主语从句，what在从句中作need的宾语*which引导主语从句，which在从句中作car的定语*what引导主语从句，what在从句中作like的表语•Whowillbethepresidentisstillunknown.•Whosepaintwillbechosentoputonthewallisstillnotdecided.•Whomhewilltellthesecrettoisuncertain.1)Whenweshallholdourpartyisnotdecided.2)Wherewewillholdourpartyisnoteasytodecided.3)Howhewillsolvetheproblemmakeshimblue.4)Whenwewillbeginthemeetingisunderdiscussion.5)Whyshegaveuptheexamisstillunknown.*When引导主语从句，when在从句中作时间状语*When引导主语从句，when在从句中作时间状语*Where引导主语从句，where在从句中作地点状语*how引导主语从句，how在从句中作方式状语*Why引导主语从句，why在从句中作原因状语*______________________________(他是否要来)isnotyetknown.*_____________________________(他想告诉我们什么)isnotclear.*___________________________(谁会赢得这场比赛)isstillunknown.*_______________________________(你错过了这次机会)isapity.=Itis___________________________________.Exercise1:WhetherhewillcomeornotWhathewantstotellusWhowillwinthematchThatyoumissedthechanceapitythatyoumissedthechancethat,whether，if（that常可省略）连词who,whom,whose,what,which,when,where,why,how@由that引导的主语从句有时为了使句子结构平衡,避免“头重脚轻”,常用it作形式主语,而把从句放在后面。例如:1.Thathewillrefusethispieceofadviceisimpossible.______________________________________________________________________________2.Thattheyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural._____________________________________*it为形式主语Itisnaturalthattheyshouldlikeeachother.Itisimpossiblethathewillrefusethispieceofadvice.这样就构成了下面一些常用句型:1)Itis+n.+从句Itisapity/shamethat...遗憾的是……Itisasurprisethat…令人惊奇的是…Itisafactthat……是事实Itiscommonknowledgethat……是常识*_______________(很遗憾)welostthematch.*______________(这是事实)hecheatedintheexam.ItisapitythatItisafactthat2)Itis+adj.+从句It’scertainthat…肯定…Itispossiblethat...很可能……Itisunlikelythat...不可能……Itisobviousthat…很明显…Itisnecessary\important\natural\...that…*_________________(很可能)shewillcomebacktomorrow.*_________________(很明显)thismeasureiseffective.+(sh...
