非谓语动词学案(不定式1)目的:1.复习动词不定式和动名词的构成及在句子中的功能。2.熟练运用动词不定式和动名词的各种形式。一.动词不定式1.动词不定式的构成(以make为例)语态形式主动语态被动语态一般式tomaketobemade进行式tobemaking/完成式tohavemadetohavebeenmade★动词不定式的否定式只要把not放在to的前面。★动词不定式后可以有自己的宾语或被状语修饰,构成动词不定式短语。2.动词不定式的功能英语的句子成分有七种,即:主语,谓语,宾语,定语,状语,补足语,表语。动词不定式除去不能单独作谓语以外,其他六种成分均可充当。__________________is__________________.(see,believe)(主语、表语)Hedecided__________________(studyhard).(宾语)Willyouattendthemeeting__________________tomorrow?(hold)(定语)Doctorsadvisedhim__________________(stopsmoking)(宾语补足语)Bellisconsidered__________________(invent)thetelephone.(主语补足语)在感官动词和使役动词后作补足语的不定式,主动语态中to省略。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________考点:1.不定式的时态和语态;2.不定式的功能:不定式的形容词性功能、不定式的副词性功能、不定式的名词性功能;3.不定式的省略;4.不定式的否定形式;____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________二.动名词1.动名词的构成(以make为例)语态形式主动语态被动语态一般式makingbeingmade完成式havingmadehavingbeenmade★动名词的否定式只要把not放在动名词的前面。★动名词后可以有自己的宾语或被状语修饰,构成动名词短语。第1页共8页2.动名词的功能:主语,宾语,定语,表语。___________is___________.眼见为实(主语、表语)Weshouldpractice____________________.每日读英语(宾语)There’sa___________(swim)poolandtwo___________(dine)hallsinourschools.(定语)___________(examine)everytwoyearsisaruleforeverydriver.(主语)3.动名词的逻辑主语:在通常情况下,动名词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。如:Theprisonerescapedwithout___________.(see)After___________inthequeueforhours,wegotgoodseats.(stand)I’mafraidof___________thebaby.(wake)★在很多情况下,动名词所表示的是一个泛指的概念,没有具体的动作执行者。如:Noparkinghere.Masteringaforeignlanguageisnoeasyjob.It’snousecryingoverspiltmilk.★动名词也可以有自己的逻辑主语,该逻辑主语以所有格的形式放在动名词的前面,则构成动名词的复合结构。位于句首作主语的动名词复合结构中必须用所有格;位于句中的动名词复合结构中也可以用宾格(普通格);当动名词的逻辑主语是不定代词或无生命的名词时,只能用宾格(普通格),不能用所有格。如:__________hereannoyedthem.(smoke)__________madehisfatherangry.(laugh)Wewereangryabout__________beingabsentfromthemeeting.(he)4.动名词的被动语态:当动名词的逻辑主语是动名词所表示的动作承受者时,该动名词要用被动语态。只有及物动词或“不及物动词+介词”构成的动名词短语才有被动语态。如:Idon’tlike________...