第十讲圆锥曲线一(椭圆)一【考点提示】(一)定义:1.第一定义:__________________________________________________________________________________________________2.第二定义:__________________________________________________________________________________________________(二)方程:1.标准方程:__________________________________________________________________________________________________2.参数方程:__________________________________________________________________________________________________(三)性质:1.范围:________________________________________________2.离心率:__________________________________________________________________________________________________3.准线:_________________________________________________4.焦半径:____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5.通径:_________________________________________________6.焦准距p:_______________________________________________7.切线方程:________________________________________________8.弦长公式:________________________________________________(四)点与椭圆的位置关系:___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(五)焦点三角形:1.顶角:_________________________________________________2.焦点三角形面积:_________________________________________3.向量,模长:_____________________________________________________________________________________________(六)常见做法和结论:11.知道求椭圆中的量,椭圆标准方程:_________________________________________________2.椭圆焦点位置不确定,如何设方程:_________________________________________________3.与22221xyab共焦点的椭圆:_________________________________________________4.与22221xyab有相同离心率的椭圆:_________________________________________________5.椭圆中1122FBFB所构成的菱形的内角与椭圆的离心率之间的关系:_________________________________________________6.焦点三角形顶角的范围:_________________________________________________7.椭圆长轴端点为12,AA,是否存在P,使12APA最大,最小?这点位置在哪里?最大,小角如何求?___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8.椭圆短轴端点为12,BB,是否存在P,使12BPB最大,最小?这点位置在哪里?最大,小角如何求?___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9.直线与椭圆的位置关系?(1)代数方法:_________________________________________________(2)几何方法:_________________________________________________10.直线l交曲线221mxny于,AB两点,,AB中点为M,?lOMkk____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________二【典例分析】1.椭圆定义的运用2例1平面一动点12,(0,3),(0,3)PFF,且满足129(0)PFPFaaa,则P点轨迹是______________.例2已知椭圆,F1、F2分别为椭圆的左右焦点,点A(1,1)为椭圆内一点,点P为椭圆上一点:求|PA|+|PF1|的最大值和最小值;求|PA|+|PF2|的最小值。例3(2008•浙江)如图,AB是平面a的斜线段,A为斜足,若点P在平面a内运动,...