Travel journal 同步素材（人教新课标高中英语必修 1 Unit 3）Attributive clause(定语从句)一.定义及其作用：定语从句是中学阶段英语语法中十分重要的一个语法项目，它在句子中出现的频率很高。对正确理解句子的意义起着举足轻重的作用。定语从句可分为：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。定语从句一般都紧跟在它所修饰名词后面，所以如果在名词或代词后面出现一个从句，根据它与前面名词或代词的逻辑关系来判断是否是定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或 代词叫做“先行词”。引导定语从句的词叫“关系词”。关系词有两个作用：<一>引导定语从句<二>代替先行词在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成份。 理解和牢记这两条概念，弄清楚关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分，是掌握定语从句的关键。I修饰物体时关系代词 that 和 which 的区分1.使用 that 的情况：当先行词是 nothing, something, anything, all, each 等不定代词时。eg. Do you have anything that is important to tell me?当先行词被 all, any, some, no, not, every, each 等修饰时。 Eg. I have some books that are very good.当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词所修饰时。eg. This is the first book that I bought myself. The biggest bird that I caught is this bird. 当先行词被 the very, the last, the next, the only 等词修饰时。 eg. This is the very book that I lost yesterday.当先行词又有人又有物时。eg. I won’t forget the things and the persons that I saw.2.只能使用 which 的情况。1、非限制性定语从句中。eg. Mary has a book, which is very precious.2、在介词之后。eg. This is a house in which lives an old man.3、当主句中的主语被 that 修饰时。eg. That dog which I found in the street belongs to Mary.II修饰人时关系代词 that 和 who, whom 的区分。1. 当主句中的主语是 who 时，只能用 that。eg. Who is the girl that is standing over there?2. 在非限制性定语从句中以及介词后面时只能用 who 或者 whom。eg. I have a son, who is really lovely and interesting.4. There are 40 students in the class, most of whom are boys.3.关系代词 whose ...
