Module 5 Newspapers and MagazinesSection Ⅱ Grammar语法指南Ⅰ.Adverbial clause of time(时间状语从句)1．引导时间状语从句的常见词或词组(1)when，while，as 当……的时候(2)before 在……之前(3)until 直到……(4)since 自从(5)once 一旦(6)by the time 直到……(7)the moment；the minute；the insta nt；directly；immediately；instantly；hardly...when...；no sooner...than...一……就……(8)each time(每次)；the first time(第一次)．..(9)whenever 无论何时Every time I listen to music，I'll think of it.每当听音乐时，我就会想起这事。I had no sooner checked in than he arrived.我一住进旅馆，他就到了。2．有时状语从句可以省略一些词 Whenever(it is) possible，they should be typed.无论什么时候，只要有可能，它们都应被打印出来。 Once (you are) over the pass you'll see the town before you.一旦过了那个关口，你就会看到一座城市出现在你的面前。注意：在 before，after，since 之后可直接接名词或动词ing 形式(这时它们是介词)。She waited a little moment before making up her mind.她等了一会儿才下定决心。After sending you that letter I realised how stupid I was.把信寄给你之后，我才意识到我是多么愚蠢。He made his first visit to Mexico since seizing power 20 years ago.自从 20 年前他夺取政权以来，这是他首次访问墨西哥。Ⅱ.Adverbial clause of reason(原因状语从句)引导原因状语从句的连词有 because，since，as，now that，for 等。1．because 语气最强，它表示的是直接原因。why 引导的特殊疑问句，通常用 because 进行回答。I was late for school because I missed the first bus.我上学迟到是因为我错过了头班车。I did it because he told me to.是他吩咐我才做的。2．since 语气较弱，它所表示的原因是人们已知道的事实，常译为“既然”。Since we have no classes tomorrow，let's go to the Great Wall.既然明天不上课，我们去长城吧。3．as 语气更弱，较口语化，表示较明显的原因，或是已知的事实。As you weren't there，I left a message.因为你不在那里，我留了个信儿。As it is raining，let's do something indoor...
