四川省岳池县第一中学高中英语《Module 5 Cloning 第3课时》学案 外研版选修6

导学案 3 Grammar page 62-63虚拟语气的概念语气：语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的意图或态度。英语中有陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气三种语气。虚拟语气是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中)；二是表示说话人的主观愿望、要求、命令、建议等 (在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中)。一． 虚拟语气在条件句中的运用情 况从句中谓语的构成主句中谓语的构成与现在情况相反动词的 过去式（be 的过去式一般用 were）Would/should/could/might +动词原形与过去情况相反had + 过去分词Would /should/ could/might +have +过去分词与将来情况相反动词的过去式should+动词原形were to+动词原形Would/should/could/might +动词原形1. 与现在事实相反： 表示与现在事实相反的条件和结果。1). If I won the lottery, I would buy an expensive car. 2). If I had a lot of money now, I would travel around the world.3). If it were fine now, I would go shopping.2. 与过去事实相反： 表示与过去事实相反的条件和结果。1). If I had had time last night, I would have gone to see the film with you . 2). If he had driven more carefully, he would not have had the car accident yesterday.3. 与将来事实可能相反： 表示与将来事实可能相反的条件和结果。1). If I saw him tomorrow, I should tell him.2). If I were to do it, I would do it in a different way.3). If it should be necessary, I could come at six.注意含有虚拟语气的条件状语从句中，如有 had，should，were 这三个词，在正式或书面语言中可将 if 省略，再将句子的主语和谓语动词实行部分倒装。1). Had they time (= If they had t ime), they would certainly come and help us.2). Should it be fine (= If it should be fine), we would go for an outing.3). Were I you (=If I were you), I would go.2）有时候，条件从句表示的动作和主句表示的动作，发生的时间不一致，这时，动词的形式要根据表示的时间来调整。这种句子可以称为错综复杂条件句1). If it had rained last night, (过去) I would be very cold today.（现...