江苏省2013年高三英语考前赢分30天第28天

考前赢分第 28 天核心知识虚拟语气的用法虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议, 而不表示客观存在的事实。一、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句1．表示与现在事实相反：If I were you, I should stay at home. If the peasants could farm the land themselves, food production would be much higher. 2．表示与过去事实相反：If you had come yesterday, you would have met him. If the hurricane had happened during the daytime, there would have been many deaths.4．当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整，习惯上称之为混合虚拟语气。例如：If you had followed the doctor’s advice, you would be quite all right now。(从句说的是过去,主句指的是现在。)5． 从句省略 if，用倒装句式“were, had, should+主语”。例如：Were I in school again, I would work harder. Had you been here earlier, you would have seen him. Should there be a meeting tomorrow, I would come.6．大多数的虚拟条件通过上面所讲的方法表达，但也可以通过介词 without，介词短语 but for，副词otherwise 以及句式 if only (要是……就好了)等表达出来。例如：Without air, there would be no living things. I would not have succeeded but for your help.If only the alarm clock had rung. 二、虚拟语气用于宾语从句1．“wish+宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望，“……就好了”、“但愿……”等。表示现在不能实现的愿望, 从句的谓语动词用过去式；表示将来不能实现的愿望, 用“would(could)+动词原形”；表示过去不能实现的愿望，用“had+过去分词”或“(could)would+ have+过去分词”。例如：I wish we could go to the seaside today. I wish you told me earlier. We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.I’d rather 后接宾语从句，“我宁愿……”也表示虚拟语气，谓语部分与 wish 一样。2．虚拟语气在动词 arrange, command, demand, desire, insist, order, propose, request, require, suggest 等后面的宾语从句中，用“(should)+动词原形”。例如：I suggested that the meeting (shou...