名词与冠词【考纲解读】根据考试大纲,考生要具备在特定语境中选择恰当的形容词、副词的能力,掌握它们的语法特点及语义差异。由此可见,形容词和副词在高考试题中占很重要的地位。高考对形容词和副词的考查主要集中在以下两点: (1)形容词的比较级和最高级; (2)在具体语境中辨析形容词和副词语义。 【预习导学】一、形容词、副词的原级比较1．“as＋______________＋as”与“not＋as/so＋____________＋as”表示同级比较，即两个或两部分人或物在性质上或程度上相同/不同。①Actually, Jack is as old as Jim.事实上，杰克和吉姆(年龄)一样大。②He doesn’t run so/as fast as his younger brother.他没有他弟弟跑得快。2．当 as ... as 结构中有________时，可用以下结构：①Today is as busy a day as yesterday.今天跟昨天一样忙。②Henry does not have so/as many books as I have.亨利的书没有我的书多。3．“as＋_____________＋as＋具体数字”表示“高/深/多……达……”。①The temperature here is as high as 39℃.这里的气温高达 39 摄氏度。②The building is as tall as 100 meters.这座楼高达 100 米。二、形容词、副词的比较级:1．形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则(1)规则变化构成例词原级比较级最高级单音节的词一般情况下直接加_______和________smallsmallersmallestgreatgreatergreatesthardharderhardest以 e 结尾的单音节词和少数以ble 结尾的双音节词加___nicenicernicestcutecutercutest___和_______ableablerablest以一个辅音字母结尾，且前面只有一个元音的词，双写辅音字母后再加_______和_______fatfatterfattestthinthinnerthinnesthothotterhottest以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的词，先把 y 变为 i 再加______和________easyeasiereasiesthappyhappierhappiestearlyearlierearliest少数以er，ow 结尾的双音节词，加______和_______clevercleverercleverestnarrownarrowernarrowest其他双音节和多音节的形容词或副词一般在前面加_______和________carefulmore carefulmost carefulpopularmore popularmost popularefficientlymore efficientlymost efficiently名师指津① 有少数几个双音节形容词，既可以加er 和est，又可以加 more 和 most 构成比较级和最高级。这些双音节词是：common, handsome, quiet, wicked, pleasant, cruel,...
