高一英语语法——定语从句（1） 教案VIP免费

一.教学内容：语法——定语从句（1）什么是定语？定语是用来修饰名词或代词的，对其起修饰限制作用。被修饰的词叫先行词。英语中可以作定语的词包括形容词（短语），介词短语，非谓语动词等。→aprettygirl→abottlefullofwater→thebookonthetable→thegirlstandingoverthere→theschoolbuiltin1970此外，句子也可以作定语，也就是定语从句。→thegirlwhoisstandingoverthere.→theschoolthatwasbuiltin1970.引导词：关系代词和关系副词特点：①连接作用：引导从句，把它和主句连接起来。②替代作用：在从句中替代它前面的先行词。③成分作用：在从句中充当句子成分。关系代词：that,which,who,whom,whose→Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.(指物，作主语)→Thenoodles(that)Icookedweredelicious.（指物，作宾语）→Shanghaiisnolongerthecitythatitusedtobe.(指物，作表语)→Let’saskthemanthatisreadingthebookoverthere.（指人，作主语）→Thegirl(that)wesawyesterdayisJim’ssister.（指人，作宾语）→Theyplantedthetreeswhichdidn’tneedmuchwater.（指物，作主语）→Thefish(which)weboughtwerenotfresh.（指物，作宾语）→TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledMichael.（指人，作主语）→Theperson(whom/who)youtalkedtoismymathteacher.（指人，作宾语）→MissFloweristheteacherwhosehousecaughtfirelastweek.（指人，作主语）→Thisisthehousewhosewindowbrokelastnight.（指物，作主语）英语中，定语从句分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句对前面的先行词起修饰限制作用，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，写时不可用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句对前面的先行词起补充说明作用。如果去掉，主句的意思仍然很清楚。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开。（一般不用that引导）→Hehastwosons,whoworkinthesamecompany.(Hehasonlytwosons.)用心爱心专心→Hehastwosonswho/thatworkinthesamecompany.(Perhapshehasmorethantwosons.)→Hegaveuptheplan,whichwasaverygoodone.注：在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词即使是作动词宾语也不能省略。→Qingdao,whichIvisitedlastyear,isreallyabeautifulcoastalcity.→Roger,whomItravelledwithtoTibetinsummer,becamemybestfriendsoonafterthat.即学即用：①Iwonderifyouknowanybody____parentsworkattheairport.②Theman_____youmetjustnowismyoldfriend.③Theman,_____youtalkedwithjustnow,ismyoldfriend.④Theman____iswalkingontheplaygroundismyoldfriend.⑤Wevisitedafactory_____makestoysforchildren.⑥Istillrememberthedays_____wespenttogether.⑦LuXun,_____realnamewasZhouShuren,wrotemanypoliticalnovelsandessays.⑧Isthistheshop_____sellschildren’sclothes?⑨Thefilm,_____isverytouching,hastouchedallofus.⑩WangHong,_____wasabroad3yearsago,hasjustcomebackrecently.答案：whose;(who/whom/that);whom;who/that;which/that;(that/which);whose;which/that;which;who;①Isthereanything_____youdon’tunderstandabouttheproblem?②Theworstmatter_____I’mafraidofhappenedintheend.③Allthepresents_____yourfriendsgaveyouonyourbirthdayshouldbeputaway.④Thisistheverybook_____Ihavebeenlookingfor.⑤Thistrainisthelast_____willgotoSuzhou.⑥Doyouknowthethingsandpersons_____theyaretalkingabout?⑦Whoistheperson_____isstandingatthegate?⑧Hewaslatefortheopeningceremony,_____wasverysurprisingtome.⑨Thisisthevisionphone(可视电话)through_____wecanseeandtalktoourfriends.⑩Thepersonto_____youtalkedismymathsteacher.答案：(that);(that);(that);(that);that;that;that;which;which;whom特殊情况：必须用关系代词that的情况：⑴当先行词是不定代词all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,theone时。⑵当先行词前被theonly,thevery(恰恰，正好),any,few,little,no,all等词修饰时。⑶当先行词是形容词最高级或...