名词性从句一、性质及分类:名词性从句相当于名词,在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语和同位语,所以名词性从句分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。必须注意从句必须用陈述句语序。二、引导词:名词性从句的引导词有:从属连词that,whether,if(一般用于宾语从句中),asif(用于表语从句);连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whomever,whichever,whatever;连接副词when,where,why,how,howmany,howlong,howfar,howoften,howfar,whenever,wherever,however等。三、用法:(一)主语从句的用法:1、that引导主语从句的情况(that引导主语从句在句中无词义,也不充当句子成分):(1)可否省略:that引导的主语从句置于句首时,that不可省略(引导表语从句和同位语从句时也不能省略)。如:Thathewillcomeiscertain.Thatshewaschosenmadeushappy.(2)用it作形式主语,将that引导的真正主语从句置于后面的情况:①“It+be+adj+that从句”。常用于该句型的形容词有:true,clear,obvious,remarkable(值得注意的),probable,(im)possible,interesting,important,certain,(un)likely,astonishing,surprise,doubtful,essential,necessary,important,better,surprising,desirable,impossible,strange,natural,advisable等。如:Itisobviousthatshedoesn’tliketheplay.Itiscertainthatwewillpasstheexam.注意当形容词为essential,necessary,important,better,surprising,desirable,impossible,strange,natural,advisable等时,that从句要用虚拟语气,其谓语动词为“should+动词原形”,表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等。如:Itisnecessarythatwe(should)cleantheroomeveryday.②“It+be+名词(短语)+that从句”。常用于该句型的名词短语有:duty,afact,agoodthing,goodnews,anhonor,nosurprise,apity,ashame等。注意apity,ashame后面的that从句有时要用虚拟语气,其谓语动词为“should+动词原形”,表示惊讶、喜悦、遗憾等。如:Itisapitythatyou(should)besocareless.③“It+be+过去分词+that从句”。常用于该句型的过去分词有:一坚持(insist)二命令(order.command)四建议(suggest.advise.recommend.propose)五要求(demand.require.request.desire.ask)等,that从句要用虚拟语气,其谓语动词为“should+动词原形”,表示建议、命令等。如:Itwillbesuggestedthatshe(should)finishherhomework.附:虚拟语气在名词性从句之中的运用总述:在动词:一坚持(insist)二命令(order.command)四建议(suggest.advise.recommend.propose)五要求(demand.require.request.desire.urge)等动词后面的宾语从句中、这些动词的过去分词形式(insisted,ordered,commanded,suggested,advised,recommended,proposed,demanded,required,requested,desired,urged)出现在“Itis/was+过去分词+that...”型主语从句中,以及这些动词的名词形式(insistence,order,command,suggestion,advice,recommendation,proposal,demand,requirement,requestment,desire,urgent)后面的表语从句和同位语从句中必须用虚拟语气,谓语动词为(should)do.下面有分类介绍。如:(以suggest为例)Hesuggeststhatwe(should)obeythelaw.(宾语从句中)Itissuggestedthatwe(should)obeythelaw.(主语从句中)Thesuggestionisthatwe(should)obeythelaw.(表语从句中)Thesuggestionthatwe(should)obeythelawisright.(同位语从句中)④“It+不及物动词+从句”。常用于该句型的不及物动词有:seem,appear,happen,turnout等。如:Itdoesn'tmatterwhichofthequestionistobediscussedfirst.Itdoesn'tmakemuchdifferencewhethertheycomeornot.⑤当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时,只能用it作形式主语。如:Isitpossiblethathewillraisemoneyforthechildrenwhowereoutofschool?Doesitmattermuchthattheywillnotcometomorrow?⑥当that主语从句全句是感叹句时,只能用it作形式主语。如:Howstrangeitisthatthechildrena...