Unit1friendship-Grammar教案1．TeachingobjectivesLearntousedirectspeechandindirectspeech2.TeachingimportantpointSummarizetherulesofDirectSpeechandIndirectSpeech.3.TeachingdifficultpointLearnaboutthespecialcasesinwhichthetensesshouldn’tbechanged.4.TeachingmethodsDiscussing,summarizingandpracticing.5.TeachingproceduresStep1WarmingupWarmingupbydiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressionsStep2PresentationBoysactonecartoonfigureandsayssomething.Teacherasks“Whatdidhe/shesay?”Girlsacttheothercartoonfigureandanswertheteacher’squestion.Thenboysandgirlsexchange.Theshoesaretoobigforme.Whatdidhesay?HesaidtheshoesweretoobigforhimStep3GrammarThestudentswilllearntheuseofDirectSpeechandIndirectSpeech(statementsandquestions).Firsttrytomakecleartothestudentswhatdirectandindirectspeechis,withthehelpofthepracticeinStepIII.Thengivethemsomeexamples.AtlastgetthemtosummarizetherulesofDirectSpeechandIndirectSpeech(statementsandquestions).T:Inthispart,wearetolearntheuseofDirectSpeechandIndirectSpeech(statementsandquestions).WhendoweuseDirectSpeechandwhendoweuseIndirectSpeech?T:Nowlet’slookatthesesentencesagain.IfwewanttochangeDirectSpeechintoIndirectSpeech,whatshouldbechanged?Ssdiscussbythemselves.Ss:sentencestructures,tenses,pronouns,adverbialsoftimeandplaceandverbsshouldbechanged.T:Quiteright.Lookattheformonthescreen.Thesearetherules.一、直接引语变成间接引语，句子结构的变化1.陈述句用连词that引导，that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的said,也可用told来代替，注意，可以说saidthat,saidtosb.that,toldsb.that，不可直接说toldthatHesaid,“IhavebeentotheGreatWall.”→HesaidtousthathehadbeentotheGreatWall.Hesaid,“I'llgiveyouanexaminationnextMonday.”→HetoldusthathewouldgiveusanexaminationthenextMonday.解题步骤:“Idon’tlikecomputers,”Sarahsaidtoherfriends.SarahsaidtoherfriendsthatIdon’tlikecomputers.shedidn’t用心爱心专心Sarahsaidtoherfriendsthatshedidn’tlikecomputers..2.一般疑问句间接引语用连词whether或if引导，原主句中谓语动词said要改为asked(me/him/us等)，语序是陈述句的语序Hesaid,“Doyouhaveanydifficultywithpronunciation?”→Heasked(me)whether/ifIhadanydifficultywithmypronunciation.Hesaid,“YouareinterestedinEnglish,aren'tyou?”→HeaskedwhetherIwasinterestedinEnglish.解题步骤:Isiteasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil?(Theyaskedhim)“Itiseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.”TheyaskedhimifitiseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoilwasTheyaskedhimifitwaseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.3.特殊疑问句原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词，主句的谓语动词用ask(sb.)来表达，语序改为陈述句语序Hesaidtome，“What'syourname?”→Heaskedmewhatmynamewas.Heaskedus,“Howmanycarfactorieshavebeenbuiltinyourcountry?”→Heaskedushowmanycarfactorieshadbeenbuiltinourcountry.解题步骤：Whendoyouharvestthewheat?(Theyaskedhim)youharvestthewheatTheyaskedhimWhenyouharvestthewheat.HeharvestedTheyaskedhimwhenheharvestedthewheat.4.选择疑问句用whether…or…表达，而不用if…or…，也不用either…or…Heasked,“DoyouspeakEnglishorFrench?”→HeaskedmewhetherIspokeEnglishorFrench.Iasked,“Willyoutakebusortaketrain?”→Iaskedhimwhetherhewouldtakebusortaketrain.二、在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化1.注意时态的变化DirectindirectPresentpastPastpastandpastperfectPresentperfectpastperfectPastperfectpastperfect2.注意人称变化。3.注意指示代词的变化this,these(that,those)4.注意时间的变化now,today,thisweek,yesterday,lastweek,fourdaysago,thedaybeforeyes...
