高二英语模块7Unit4PublictransportGrammarandusageStep1:GeneralintroductionLet’shaveatry,everyone!Canyougivemecorrectanswerstothefollowingsentences?高考链接1.Mycousincametoseemefromthecountry,meafullbasketoffreshfruits．(2006安徽)A.broughtB.bringingC.tobringD.hadbrought2.Mr.Greenstoodupindefenceofthe16-year-oldboy,sayingthathewasnottheone.(2006安徽)A.blamedB.blamingC.toblameD.tobeblamed3.Ifyouthinkthattreatingawomanwellmeansalways______herpermissionforthings,thinkagain.（2006湖南）A.getsB.gotC.togetD.getting4.Asthetwentiethcenturycametoaclose,therawmaterialsforagreatnationalliteraturewereathand,waiting_____.（2006湖南）A.touseB.tobeusedC.tohaveusedD.tobeusing5.Toaroomabovethestore,whereaparty______,someworkerswerebusilysettingthetable.（2006湖南）A.wastobeheldB.hasbeenheldC.willbeheldD.isbeingheld6.Don’trespondtoanye-mailspersonalinformation,nomatterhowofficialtheylook.（2006天津）A.searchingB.askingC.requestingD.questioning7._______forthebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork,Alicewasinlowspirits.（2006福建）A.BlamingB.BlamedC.ToblameD.Tobeblamed8.Itisdifficulttoimaginehis_______thedecisionwithoutanyconsideration.（2006陕西）A.toacceptB.acceptC.acceptingD.accepted答案：1-5BCDBA6-8CBCWelldone!Todaywe’lllearnanewGrammaritem——PARTICIPLESThegrammariteminthisunitfocusesonverb-edandverb-ing,bothofwhicharealsocalledparticiples.Youwillreviewthefunctionsofverb-edandverb-ingindifferentsituations.Youareexpectedtoapplywhatyoulearntopracticebyfulfillingsomewrittentasks.用心爱心专心119号编辑Step2:Explanation:1.分词的构成分词分为现在分词和过去分词。现在分词构成为V+ing,过去分词构成为V+ed。分词也有一般式、过去式、完成式及主动和被动等各种形式。2.现在分词和过去分词的区别1)在时态上，现在分词表示正在进行，而过去分词表示已经完成。Developingcountries发展中国家Thedevelopedcountries发达国家Boilingwater沸腾的水Boiledwater开水2)在语态上，现在分词表示主动，而过去分词表示被动。Theoppressingclass压迫阶级Theoppressedclass被压迫阶级Burningfire燃烧的火焰Burnedskin烧伤的皮肤3.分词的时态与语态1)一般式（主动、被动）分词的一般式的主动式所表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，或在谓语动词表示的动作之前发生。其被动式表示这个动作正在发生或与谓语动作同时发生，主要作定语、状语或宾补。E.g.WhenIenteredtheroom,Ifoundhimreading.当我进入房间时，我发现他在读书。Ifoundtheflowerswatered.我发现花已浇过了。Thebuildingbeingrepairedisahospital.正在修建的建筑物是一家医院。Hefoundthematterbeingtalkedeverywhere.他发现到处都在谈论这件事。Beingsurrounded,theenemywereforcedtoputdowntheirguns.敌人被包围，不得不缴械投降。2)完成式（主动、被动）分词的完成式表示分词的动作发生在谓语动作之前。完成时态的分词在句中常作状语，一般不作定语。E.g.Nothavingmadeadequatepreparation,wepostponedthesportsmeet.由于没做好充分的准备，我们推迟了运动会。Havingbeengivensuchagoodchance,howcouldhegiveitup?给了这样好的机会，他怎能放弃呢？3)现在分词的被动式与过去分词的区别过去分词表示动作已完成，不强调时间概念，而现在分词的被动式强调某一动作正在进行中。E.g.Thebuildingrepairedislibrary.修建过的那个建筑物是我们的图书馆。Thebuildingbeingrepairedisourlibrary.正在修建的那个建筑物是我们的图书馆。4)延续性动词和终止性动词的现在分词在时间含义上的区别延续性动词的现在分词结构相当于一个过去进行时时态的句子，而终止性动词的现在分词结构相当于一个一般过去时的从句。E.g.Walkinginthestreettheotherday(=WhileIwaswalkinginthestreettheotherday),Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.那天...
