限制性定语从句——关系代词的用法浮梁县蛟潭中学计志诚一、定语从句的相关概念1.定语从句：在复合句子中作定语修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句。2.先行词被定语从句修饰的词。3.关系词：引导定语从句的词。4.限制性定语从句：定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句与先行词的关系密切，起修饰和限制作用，不可去掉，一旦去掉句子则失去意义，中间无逗号隔开。实例展示：Theoldmanhasason（whoworksinAmerica）.这位老人有一个在美国工作的儿子。（表示老人还有在其他地方工作的儿子）。Theoldmanhasason，（whoworksinAmerica）.这个老人有一个儿子，他在美国工作。（表示老人只有一个儿子）(限制性)(非限制性)二、关系代词的基本用法1.作主语Theman(_______waskilledintheaccident)isTom’suncle.结论：先行词指人时，用who或that，不可省略。Howdoyoulikethefilm(_______wassawlastSunday?)结论：先行词指物时，用which或that，不可省略。2.作宾语Thestudent(___________________wevisitedlastnight)isbusyinwritingnow.结论：先行词指人时，用who,whom,that或不填。Thefilm(____________wesawthedaybeforeyesterday)ispopularwithmoststudents.结论：先行词指物时，用which,that或不填。who/thatwhich/thatwho/whom/that/不填which/that/不填3.作介词宾语Heisthestudent(at_____isgooddancingintheclassroom.结论：先行词指人时，用whom，介词后不可用who或that.Thisisthebook(for_____Mr.Whiteislooking.)结论：先行词指物时，用which,介词后不可用that.4.作定语Thedog(______tailisveryshort)ismyneighbor’s.Thedesk(______legarebroken)belongstoTom.结论：先行词指人或指物时均用whose.5.作表语Thisistheteacherhewantstobeinthefuture.Themodernplaneisnotthemachineitwaswhenfirstinvented.结论:关系代词在定语从句中作表语时，用that或不填，不用who或which。whomwhichwhosewhosethat/不填that/不填即学即练用所学的关系代词填空1.JuliewasgoodatGerman,FrenchandRussian,allof_____shespokefluently.2.Helivesinahouse_______windowfacessouth。3.Doyouknowtheboy________istalkingwithmydeskmate.4.Thedoctor__________________youarelookingforisintheroom.5.Shewasnotthecheerfulwoman________shewasbeforeshemarried.高考题（真题印证）1.Ａcompany___profitsfromhomemarketsaredecliningmayseekopportunitiesabroad.A.WhichB.WhoseC.WhoD.Why2.We’llreachthesalestargetsinamonth___wesetatthebeginningoftheyear.A.whichB.whereC.whenD.whatwhichwhosewho/thatwho/whom/that/不填BAthat/不填三、课堂小结（1）作主语：先行词指人时，用who,that;先行词指物时，用which，that，不可省略。（2）作宾语：先行词指人时，用whom,who,that,不填；先行词指物时，用which,that,不填。（3）作介词宾语：先行词指人时，用whom;先行词指物时，用which;介词后不可用who或that。（4）作定语：先行词指人或物时均用whose。（5）作表语：先行词指人或物时均用that或不填，不可用who或which。四、课后作业1、用限制性定语从句连接两个句子。（1）Wearetwins.Ourparentsarebothteachers.（2）Amoderncityhasbeensetupintheplace.Theplacewasawastelandtenyearsago（3）Heoftenhelpsthestudents.Hethinkstheyarenotquickattheirstudies.（4）Thisistheonlyfilm.Hehaseverseenthefilm.2、预习关系代词that和which的特殊用法。Thankyou!
