限制性定语从句——关系代词的用法浮梁县蛟潭中学计志诚一、定语从句的相关概念1.定语从句:在复合句子中作定语修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句。2.先行词被定语从句修饰的词。3.关系词:引导定语从句的词。4.限制性定语从句:定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句与先行词的关系密切,起修饰和限制作用,不可去掉,一旦去掉句子则失去意义,中间无逗号隔开。实例展示:Theoldmanhasason(whoworksinAmerica).这位老人有一个在美国工作的儿子。(表示老人还有在其他地方工作的儿子)。Theoldmanhasason,(whoworksinAmerica).这个老人有一个儿子,他在美国工作。(表示老人只有一个儿子)(限制性)(非限制性)二、关系代词的基本用法1.作主语Theman(_______waskilledintheaccident)isTom’suncle.结论:先行词指人时,用who或that,不可省略。Howdoyoulikethefilm(_______wassawlastSunday?)结论:先行词指物时,用which或that,不可省略。2.作宾语Thestudent(___________________wevisitedlastnight)isbusyinwritingnow.结论:先行词指人时,用who,whom,that或不填。Thefilm(____________wesawthedaybeforeyesterday)ispopularwithmoststudents.结论:先行词指物时,用which,that或不填。who/thatwhich/thatwho/whom/that/不填which/that/不填3.作介词宾语Heisthestudent(at_____isgooddancingintheclassroom.结论:先行词指人时,用whom,介词后不可用who或that.Thisisthebook(for_____Mr.Whiteislooking.)结论:先行词指物时,用which,介词后不可用that.4.作定语Thedog(______tailisveryshort)ismyneighbor’s.Thedesk(______legarebroken)belongstoTom.结论:先行词指人或指物时均用whose.5.作表语Thisistheteacherhewantstobeinthefuture.Themodernplaneisnotthemachineitwaswhenfirstinvented.结论:关系代词在定语从句中作表语时,用that或不填,不用who或which。whomwhichwhosewhosethat/不填that/不填即学即练用所学的关系代词填空1.JuliewasgoodatGerman,FrenchandRussian,allof_____shespokefluently.2.Helivesinahouse_______windowfacessouth。3.Doyouknowtheboy________istalkingwithmydeskmate.4.Thedoctor__________________youarelookingforisintheroom.5.Shewasnotthecheerfulwoman________shewasbeforeshemarried.高考题(真题印证)1.Acompany___profitsfromhomemarketsaredecliningmayseekopportunitiesabroad.A.WhichB.WhoseC.WhoD.Why2.We’llreachthesalestargetsinamonth___wesetatthebeginningoftheyear.A.whichB.whereC.whenD.whatwhichwhosewho/thatwho/whom/that/不填BAthat/不填三、课堂小结(1)作主语:先行词指人时,用who,that;先行词指物时,用which,that,不可省略。(2)作宾语:先行词指人时,用whom,who,that,不填;先行词指物时,用which,that,不填。(3)作介词宾语:先行词指人时,用whom;先行词指物时,用which;介词后不可用who或that。(4)作定语:先行词指人或物时均用whose。(5)作表语:先行词指人或物时均用that或不填,不可用who或which。四、课后作业1、用限制性定语从句连接两个句子。(1)Wearetwins.Ourparentsarebothteachers.(2)Amoderncityhasbeensetupintheplace.Theplacewasawastelandtenyearsago(3)Heoftenhelpsthestudents.Hethinkstheyarenotquickattheirstudies.(4)Thisistheonlyfilm.Hehaseverseenthefilm.2、预习关系代词that和which的特殊用法。Thankyou!