外研版高一年级(必修1)Module5LanguagepointsLanguagepoints1.Whenweusemetals,itisimportanttoknowhowtheyreactwithdifferentsubstances,…reactwith意为“对……起反应”。如:Ironreactswithwaterandairtoproducerust.铁与水和空气起化学反应而生锈。此外,react还可以同其他介词搭配,表示不同的意思。如:reactonsth对某事物有影响;使某事物产生变化。如:Howdoacidsreactonmetals?酸对金属起什么反应?reactagainst反对;反抗如:Willthepeopleeverreactagainstthedictator?有朝一日人民会起来反抗这个独裁者吗?2.Thereactionofmetalswiththesesubstancescanbeputinorder.inorder意为“井然有序的;整理好的”。如:Shekeepstheroominorder.她把房间整理得很好。Iputmyroominorder.我把自己的房间整理好。此外,inorder还有“依照次序;(机器等)情况良好”的意思。如:Callthenamesinorder.请依照次序叫名字。Mybicycleisinorder.我的自行车情况良好。含有order的其他短语:inorderfor…todo以便……能……inshortorder很快地onorder已订购ontheorderof与……相似的;(数量等)约……的outoforder不整齐的;杂乱的;出毛病;顺序紊乱toorder定做的如:Hespokeslowlyinorderforeverybodytounderstandhim.他讲得很慢以便每个人都能听懂他的话。Thebookisonorder.那本书已订购。Everythingwasoutoforderintheclassroom.教室里乱七八糟。Hisliverisoutoforder.他的肝脏出了毛病。3.Addsomeoiltothewater.【考点】add及其短语辨析。add...to...把……添加到……上;addto增加,增添;addupto总共有,意味着。【考例1】That’sallIhavetosay.Isthereanythingthatyou’dliketo_____,Terry?(2008四川延考卷)A.talkB.requireC.addD.deliver【点拨】分析该句后一句可知横线处所填动词的宾语是anything,而talk意为“讲话,交谈,谈论”时为不及物动词,故不选;require需要,要求,不符合句意;deliver发言,发表(演说),与语境不符;add补充说。根据前一分句句意“我要讲的就这么多。”可知询问Terry有什么想补充的。【考例2】各色太阳伞给夏日的街头平添了活泼的气氛。(addto)(上海2007)【点拨】addto增添。在这句话中作谓语。答案为:Colorfulumbrellasaddtoalivelyatmosphereinthesummerstreets.【考例3】Theengineoftheshipwasoutoforderandthebadweather_____thehelplessnessofthecrewatsea.(上海2003)A.addedtoB.resultedfromC.turnedoutD.madeup【点拨】addto增加,增添;resultfrom由……产生;turnout结果是;makeup组成。根据句意“轮船发动机失灵,恶劣天气又增加了海上船员的无助”可知选A。【考例4】Therehavebeenseveralnewevents_____totheprogramforthe2008BeijingOlympicGames.(北京2006)A.addB.toaddC.addingD.added【点拨】add...to...把……添加到……上,本题中应为addseveralneweventsto...,故severalnewevents与add之间是被动关系,因此要用add的-ed形式作定语。4.Thiswillkeepairoutofthewater.keepsb./sth.outof意为“不让某人/某物进入某处”。如:Keepthatdogoutofmystudy.别让那条狗进我的书房。Sheworeahattokeepthesunoutofhereyes.她戴着帽子摭阳,保护眼睛。类似的:keepout(ofsth.)不进入某处;留在外边keepupwithsb.保持与某人的联系keepupwithsth.知悉(消息);跟上(形势)keepup(withsb./sth.)跟上某人/某事物keepoff不接近或不接触某人/某事物5.Irondoesnotrustinair-freewater.air-free为形容词,意为“没有空气的”。-free用以构成形容词或副词,意为“无,免除”。类似的:carefreeadj.无忧无虑的;无牵挂的;轻松愉快的duty-freeadj.&adv.免税的disease-freeadj.无病的worry-freeadj.无忧无愁的6.Half-fillatesttubewithwater…fill…with意为“使……满;填满”。Hefilledthebottlewithwater.他把瓶子装满水。Hereyeswerefilledwithtears.她热泪盈眶。Theresultfilledhisheartwithdespair.这样的结果使他心中充满失望。7.Leavethetubeforoneweek.leave意为“放置,不去动某物,使……处于某种状态”。如:Leavethechildasheis.这孩子随他去...