摘要汽车经过130多年的发展，安全与节能已成为汽车设计的重要内容。在汽车结构中，车架作为整车的基体和主要承载部件，具有支撑连接汽车各零部件和承受来自汽车内、外各种载荷的作用，其结构性能直接关系到整车性能的好坏。本文以某运油车车架为研究对象，运用CATIA软件对车架模型进行简化与建立，利用ANSYS软件对车架模型进行参数定义，网格划分，作用力施加，自由度约束，并对车架进行了弯曲工况、扭转工况、急减速工况、急转弯工况的静态分析，并分析位移与应力图，为汽车安全与节能设计提供了理论支持。同时对车架也进行了模态分析，得出车架的固有频率与振型，提高整车设计水平，对避免共振与提高乘坐舒适性提供了理论基础。关键字：车架,有限元，ANSYS,静态分析，模态分析1AbstractTheautomobilewhichhasdevelopedfor130years,securityandenergysavinghasbecometheleadingcontentforautomobiledeign.Amongthemanycomplexstructuresinautomobile,theframeofthevehicleisthebasicpartandthemainbearingpart.Ithasthefunctionofconnectingallpartsofthevehicletogetherandsubjectingvariousloadsfrominsideandoutsidethevehicle.Theperformanceofframestructureaffectswhethertheautomobilepropertyisgoodornot.Inthispaper,theframeofafueltankerisstudied.WesimplifyandestablishthemodelofframebyCATIA.Theparameteroftheframeisdefined.ThemodelofframeismeshedbyANSYS.AddtheforceandfreedomofthemodelofframebyANSYS.Thestaticanalysisoftheframeincludesthesituationofbending,torsion,barkingandswervebyANSYS.Accordingtothefigureofdisplacementandstress,itprovidetheoreticalsupportfortheautomobiledesignofsecurityandenergysaving.Atthesametime,themodalanalysisoftheframeisalsostudied.Basedontheframeofnaturalfrequencyandvibrationmode,itprovidetheoreticalbasisforavoidingresonanceandimprovingridecomfortandimprovethelevelofvehicledesign.Keywords:Frame,Finiteelement,ANSYS,Staticanalysis,Modalanalysis2目录1绪论................................................................11.1概述..........................................................11.2研究背景......................................................11.3有限元法的应用与发展..........................................21.4选题的目的与意义..............................................21.5本文的主要研究内容............................................32基于CATIA与ANSYS的车架有限元建模..................................42.1有限元法简介..................................................42.2CATIA软件简介.................................................62.3车架几何模型建立..............................................72.3.1车架几何模型简化.........................................72.3.2车架几何模型建立........................................72.4车架有限元模型建立...........................................102.4.1网格划分前处理.........................................102.4.2车架有限元网格的划分...................................103车架有限元静态分析.................................................133.1汽车车架刚度理论.............................................133.1.1汽车车架弯曲刚度.......................................133.1.2汽车车架扭转刚度.......................................133.2车架载荷分类与处理...........................................133.2.1静载荷.................................................133.2.2动载荷.................................................143.3车架工况的有限元分析.........................................143.3.1满载弯曲工况...........................................143.3.2满载扭转工况..........................................
