邱海波东南大学附属中大医院ICU东南大学急诊与危重病医学研究所ARDS肺复张的实施科学与艺术的困惑第一页,共三十七页。内容提要•肺保护性通气策略不能解决解决的问题•肺泡塌陷的病理生理后果•肺复张的临床实施–Proneposition–Spontaneousbreathing–HighVTandsigh–RM第二页,共三十七页。ARDSnet:小潮气量通气LowTidalVolumesTraditionalTidalVolumesP-valueDeathbeforedischargehomeandbreathingwithoutassistant(%)31.039.80.007Breathingwithoutassistancebydays(%)65.755.0<0.001NOofventilatorfreedaysDay1-2812±1110±110.007Boratrauma,Day1-28(%)10110.43NOofdayswithoutfailureofnonpulmonaryorgansorsystemsDay1-2815±1112±110.006ARDSNet.NEnglJMed.2000May4;342(18):1301-8.第三页,共三十七页。Lowtidalvolume:morealvcollapse小Vt不能复张塌陷肺泡,加重低氧血症实施肺保护性通气策略至少15~25%患者需提高FiO2邱海波,刘大为,陈德昌等.中华麻醉学杂志,1998,18:202-205第四页,共三十七页。CollapsedairwayV1V2PressureVolumeV1V1+V2OpeningpressureNormalARDSPEEPadjustmentLIP:塌陷肺泡开始复张的压力不是全部塌陷肺泡复张的压力PEEPnotenough:morealvkeepcollapse第五页,共三十七页。30kgPigPostLavagePCVPaw13cmH2OPEEP5cmH2O第六页,共三十七页。许红阳,邱海波.ARDS绵羊肺复张容积测定方法的比较.中国危重病急救医学,2004,16:413.邱海波.PEEP对ARDS肺复张容积及氧合影响的临床研究.中国危重病急救医学,2004,16:399.0100200300400复张容积(ml)-PaO2/FiO2051015PEEP(cmH2O)肺复张容积PaO2/FiO2第七页,共三十七页。内容提要•肺保护性通气策略不能解决解决的问题•肺泡塌陷的病理生理后果•肺复张的临床实施–Proneposition–Spontaneousbreathing–HighVTandsigh–RM第八页,共三十七页。A.HypoxamiaB.ShearforcesC.SurfactantsinactivateD.BiotraumaandMODS第九页,共三十七页。肺泡塌陷:ARDS重力依赖区炎症或不张区生理性低氧缩血管反响:障碍第十页,共三十七页。“Shear〞第十一页,共三十七页。Verbruggeetal.CritCareMed1999;27:779012345Control7/045/1045/0PurineProtein•Purine:amarkerofATPbreakdownandVILI•42SDrats•PCV6min•PCVPre/PEEP•BALFpurineandprotein第十二页,共三十七页。Lachmann.ICM,1994;20:6-11Intra-alveolarproteinsinactivatealvsurfactantinadose-dependentway1mgsurfactant=inhibitoryeffectof1mgplasmaprotein第十三页,共三十七页。Surfactantmoveaway•Whenlungregionscollapseatend–expiration,surfactantmoleculesmoveawayfromthealvsurfacetowardterminalbronchioles•and•cannotbereusedduringnextinflationRoubyJJ.AmJRespirCritCareMed,2001,165:1182第十四页,共三十七页。D.预防Biotrauma和MODSMariniJJ,GattinoniL.Ventilatorymanagementofacuterespiratorydistresssyndrome:aconsensusoftwoCritCareMed.2004Jan;32(1):250-5.“Stretch〞“Shear〞AirwayTrauma第十五页,共三十七页。内容提要•肺保护性通气策略不能解决解决的问题•肺泡塌陷的病理生理后果•肺复张的临床实施–Proneposition–Spontaneousbreathing–HighVTandsigh–RM第十六页,共三十七页。俯卧位通气的病理生理特征•改善通气过程•胸膜腔压力梯度•顺应性胸壁•促进分泌物的去除第十七页,共三十七页。100120140160180200PPV前PPV0.5hPPV2hPaO2/FIO2ARDSp组ARDSexp组11.10%66.70%100%85.70%0.00%25.00%50.00%75.00%100.00%PPV0.5hPPV2h百分率ARDSp组ARDSexp组TimecourseofProneonPaO2/FiO2betweenARDSpvsARDSexpTimeresponseofPronepositiononPaO2/FiO2betweenARDSpvsARDSexp黄英姿,邱海波.肺内外源性ARDS实施俯卧位通气时间的选择.中华内科杂志2004,43(12):883-887第十八页,共三十七页。内容提要•肺保护性通气策略不能解决解决的问题•肺泡塌陷的病理生理后果•肺复张的临床实施–Proneposition–Spontaneousbreathing–HighVTandsigh–RM第十九页,共三十七页。保存自主呼吸的优点第二十页,共三十七页。内容提要...