Unit5learningaboutlanguage---discoveringusefulstructuresThe–ingformastheAdverbialThe–ingformastheAdverbial动词动词-ing-ing作状语作状语•V-ing作状语时表示的动作是主语动作的一部分，与谓语表示的动作或状态同时或几乎同时发生的，或是先于谓语动词发生，它的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。V-ing作状语常表示时间、条件、原因、方式、伴随、让步、结果，多用逗号跟句子其他成分隔开。•Iwasfeelingtired,Iwenttobedearly.•Iworkedhardallday.Iwenttobedearly.Feelingtired,Iwenttobedearly.Havingworkedhardallday,Iwenttobedearly.•作时间状语作时间状语Walkingalongthestreet,ImetMary.(=WhileIwaswalkingalongthestreet,…)Hearingthenews,theyalljumpedwithjoy.•作原因状语作原因状语Beingtired,Istoppedtotakearest.(=BecauseIwastired,…)Notknowingheraddress,wecouldn’tgetintouchwithher.由于不知道她的地址，我们无法和她联系。听到这个消息时，他们都高兴地跳了起来。•作条件状语作条件状语Turningtotheleft,youwillfindtheschool.(=Ifyouturntheleft,…)Ifyouworkhard,you'llsucceed.=Workinghard,you'llsucceed.•作让步状语作让步状语1.Workinghardashedid,hewasstillunabletosupportthewholefamily.2.KnowingwhereIlive,henevercomestoseeme.=ThoughheknowswhereIlive,henevercomestoseeme.•作伴随状语作伴随状语1.Istoodthere,waitingforher.(=…,andwaitedforher.)2.FollowingMike,theystartedtoclimb.3.Thechildrenlaughedandtalkedmerrily,andtheyranoutoftheroom.Thechildrenranoutoftheroom,laughingandtalkingmerrily.那些孩子们跑出房间，愉快地笑着、说着。•如果V-ing表示的动作发生在句子谓语之前，则要用V-ing的完成式，即是：Having+P.P(过去分词)…,主语+谓语1.Aftershehadfinishedherwork,shewenthome.2.Aswehaveinvitedhimheretospeak,we’dbettergotohislecture.V-ingV-ing形式的完成式形式的完成式Havingfinishherwork,shewenthome.Havinginvitedhimheretospeak,we’dbettergotohislecture.ExercisesExercises1._____thechampionship,hewasawardedamilliondollars.A.WonB.WinningC.HavingwonD.Beingwon2.______onlybookknowledge,youwillnotbeabletoworkwell.A.HadB.HaveC.HavingD.Tohave3.Isawalotofchildrenplayinginthegardenmostofthem_____girls.A.areB.beingC.wereD.having4.Theoldmancouldnotsleepatnight,hiswrongs_____himnopeace.A.gaveB.giveC.beinggivingD.giving5.Thedecision_____,whatistobedonenowishowtocarryitout.A.madeB.hasbeenmadeC.havingbeingmadeD.beingmade6.____inthequeenforhalfanhour,IsuddenlyrealizedthatIhadleftmywalletathome.A.TowaitB.WaitingC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaited7.“Wecan’tgooutinthiswinter,”saidTed,____outofthewindow.A.lookingB.tolookC.lookedD.havinglooked8.Findinghercarstolen,_____.A.apolicewasaskedtohelpB.theareawassearchedthoroughlyC.itwaslookedforeverywhereD.shehurriedtoapoliceforhelp9._____areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.A.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived10.____theroom,Ifoundtherecorderstolen.A.EnteringB.ToenterC.EntersD.Entered11.“Whatonearthhaveyoudone?”mothersaid_____tothebrokenvaseontheground.A.angrilypointingB.andpointangrilyC.angrilypointedD.andangrilypointing12._____bycar,wevisitedmanyplaces.A.TravelB.TravelingC.TotravelD.Havingtravelledpractice1.“Youcan’tcatchme!”Janetshouted,_______away.A.runB.runningC.torunD.ranB解析：答案B。runningaway在此作shouted的伴随状语，由Janet发出这一动作。2.Thestormleft,________alotofdamagetothisarea.A.causedB.tohavecausedC.tocauseD.havingcausedD解析：答案D。题意：暴雨过去了，只留下给这一地区造成的巨大损害。由上下文逻辑意义看，此处应表示自然而然的结果，故用现在分词作结果状语。3.________inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.A.towaitB.havewaitedC.havingwaitedD.tohavewaitedC解析：答案C。此处为现在分词的完成式作时间状语，表明该动作发生在realized之前。4._______suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.A.HavingsufferedB.SufferedC.TosufferD.SufferedA解析：答案A。由already提示，分词动作发生在谓语之前，故须用分词的完成式。5.Thesecretaryworkedallnightlong,_____alongspeechforthepresident.A.toprepareB.preparingC.preparedD.waspreparingB解析：答案B。非谓语动词充当伴随状语，与主语thesecretary是主动关系，因此用v.-ing形式。
