GrammarDirectspeech&indirectspeech(II)Revision:1.时态的变化：一般现在时一般将来时现在进行时一般过去时现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去将来时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时不变如：1)Shesaid.“Ihavelostapen.”→Shesaidshe()apen.2)Shesaid.“Wehopeso.”→Shesaidthey()so.3)Shesaid.“Hewillgotoseehisfriend.”→Shesaidhe()toseehisfriend.hadlosthopedwouldgo1)直接引语是客观真理。“Theearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth”,theteachertoldme.→Theteachertoldmetheearth()aroundthesunandthemoon()aroundtheearth.但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时,时态一般不变化。movesmoves2)直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语,变为间接引语时,时态不变。XiaoWangsaid.“IwasbornonApril2l,1980.”→XiaoWangsaidhe()onApril20,1980.wasborn3)直接引语中被引述的部分是反复出现的,习惯性的动作或说话时情况仍然存在的,变间接引语时,时态保持不变。Theboysaidtous,“Iusuallygetupatsixeveryday.”→Theboytoldusheusually()atsixeveryday.getsup4)若直接引语的谓语中含有would,should,might,must,usedto,oughtto,hadbetter等动词时。如：Shesaid,“Weshouldhelpeachother.”→Shesaidwe()eachother.shouldhelp2.人称的变化：口诀：一随主。二随宾，三不变。Shesaid."Mybrotherwantstogoshoppingwithme.”→Shesaidthat()wantedtogoshoppingwithher.herbrotherHesaidtoKate."Howisyoursisternow?”→HeaskedKatehowwas_________then。hersisterMr.Smithsaid,“Jackisagoodboy.”→Mr.SmithsaidJackwasagoodboy.祈使句的间接引语—采用“动词+宾语+不定式”结构。told/asked/orderedsb.(not)todosth.祈使句的直接引语和间接引语如果祈使句是表示请求,间接引语的动词常用ask;如果是表示命令,间接引语的动词常用tell,order,command等。IndirectspeechRequests:AaskedBtodosth.AaskedBnottodosth.Commands:Atold/orderedBtodosth.Atold/orderedBnottodosth.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)祈使句Theofficersaidtohim,“Don’tleaveyourpost.”不定式Theofficerorderedhimnottoleavehispost.例如:1.Theteachersaidtothestudents,“Don’twasteyourtime.”→ThemotheraskedTomtogetupearly.2.Themothersaid,“Tom,getupearly,please.”→Theteachertoldthestudentsnottowastetheirtime.Hesaid,“Let’sgotothefilm.”→Hesuggested().或Hesuggestedthat().直接引语如果是以“Let’s”开头的祈使句,变为间接引语时,通常用“suggest+动名词(或从句)”。如:goingtothefilmtheyshouldgotoseethefilm1.“Pleaseclosethewindow,”hesaidtome.→He______me_____thewindow.A.saidto;tocloseB.toldto;closingC.asked;tocloseD.saidto;pleaseclose练一练2.Hesaid,“Don’tdothatagain.”He_____me_______thatagain.A.saidtome;nottodoB.saidtome;don’tdoC.toldme;don’tdoD.toldme;nottodo3.“Don’tputitonmyhat.”hiswifesaidtohim.Hiswifetoldhim___putiton___hat.A.don’t,hisB.don’t,herC.notto,hisD.notto,her4.RoseaskedTom,“Didyouseemypurse?”RoseaskedTom___.A.whetherthathehadseenherpurseB.whetherhehadseenherpurseC.thatwhetherhehadseenherpurseD.thatifhehasseenherpurse5.Heaskedme________withme.A.whatthematterisB.whatthematerwasC.what’sthematterD.whatwasthematter解析:如果直接引语是“What’sthematter?”“What’swrong?”“What’sthetrouble?”,变间接引语时语序不变。6.Heasked,“AreyouaPartymemberoraLeaguemember?”→Heaskedme______.A.amIaPartymemberoraLeaguememberB.wasIaPartymemberoraLeaguememberC.whetherIwasaPartymemberoraLeaguememberD.whetherwasIaPartymemberoraLeaguemember解析:选择疑问句要变成whether引导的宾语从句。7.Heasked________forthecomputer.A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid8.Theboysaid,“MayIgoalongwithyou?”Theboyaskedme___....
