九、虚拟语气 郯城一中 梁险峰 • 虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议,而不表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。• ( 一 ) 虚拟语气用于条件状语从句 条 件 状 语 从 句 主 句与现在事实 相反 If + S. + did( 动词是 be 常用 were) S. + would / should / could/might… + do与过去事实相反If + S. + had doneS. + would/ should/ could/ might… + have done与将来事实相反1. If + S. + did2. If +S. +were to do3. If + S. + should doS. + would / should / could/might… + do注:主句中的 should 通常用于第一人称, would 则可以用于任何人称,根据句意使用 could 或 might.注:主句中的 should 通常用于第一人称, would 则可以用于任何人称,根据句意使用 could 或 might. • 用虚拟语气翻译下列各句:• 1 、假如我是你的话,我就努力学习。 2 、她现在要是知道这件事的话,她会来的。 3 、如果上周她不是那么忙,她当然会来的。 4 、如果你早来五分钟的话,你就会见到她。 5 、假如你赶不上火车,可以乘坐公共汽车。 6 、如果今天下午下雨,排球赛就延期举行。1. If I were you, I should study very hard.2. If she knew about it now, she would come.3. If she hadn’t been so busy last week, she would have come.4. If you had come five minutes earlier, you would have met her.5. If you were to fail to catch the train, you might take the bus.6. If it should rain this afternoon, the volleyball match would be put off. • 虚拟语气三种特殊形式:• 1 、错综条件句 有时虚拟条件从句表示的动作和主句表示的动作在发生的时间上不一致。例如,一个与过去事实相反;另一个与现在事实相反。这种句子可称作错综条件句。遇到这种情况,就要根据不同的时间概念,适当调整主句和从句动词的形式,即根据所指的时间来选用动词形式。例如:• If the doctor hadn’t come, the patient would be dead by now.• If you had followed the doctor’s advice, you would be quiet well.• If he were not careless, I wouldn’t have made such a mistake.• If I...