摘 要 步进电机是数字控制系统中的一种执行元件，它能根据提供的脉冲信号频率来控制电机对应极性相反定子产生电磁感应现象，根据电磁力控制电机转子的转动。在不同的脉冲信号作用下，它有不同的转动速率与转动方向。同时，它具有步距角精度高、控制简便等特点，这让它在自动控制系统中得到了日益广泛的应用。本文介绍了一种在 C 语言程序下通过单片机来控制步进电机转动，软硬件相结合实现电机正反转、加减速、运动/停止控制的系统设计。在本次设计中，整个系统以 AT89C51 单片机芯片、步进电机驱动芯片 ULN2803、步进电机及相应的按键为核心实现该功能，并且电机的工作状态可以通过相应的数码管显示出来。学号：毕业设计题 目：基于单片机的步进电机控制系统作 者 届 别2025院 部物理与电子学院专 业电子科学与技术指导老师 职 称副教授完成时间2025.05最后，通过 Keil 软件与 Proteus 软件进行了仿真测试，得到了完整的波形图，验证了设计的正确性。关键字：AT89C51 单片机，步进电机，ULN2803，正反转控制，加减速控制 Abstract As a digital control system actuator,the stepper motor which can according to provide the frequency of pulse signal to control the motor reverse polarity of the stator produce electromagnetic induction phenomenon, according to the electric magnetic force to control the rotation of the motor rotor. Under the influence of different pulse signal, it has a different rotation speed and rotation direction.At the same time,it has high precision, easy to control and so on., making it in the automatic control system is becoming more and more widely used.In this paper,a C language program, through single chip microcomputer to control stepping motor rotation, the combination of software and hardware for motor and reversing, deceleration, motion/stop control system design was introduced.In this design, the system USES AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer, stepping motor driven ULN2803 chip and step motor as the core to implement the function and the corresponding bu...
