第 4 讲 特殊句式考情纵览特殊句式的考查在近 5 年全国卷Ⅰ中出现频率不是很高,仅在 2017 年全国卷Ⅰ的短文改错中(Turning→Turn)有所涉及,但在全国卷Ⅱ、Ⅲ及地方命题试卷中还是时有出现,且由于其特有的表达作用,也使得它成为一个必不可少的备考点。考点一 倒装句1.全部倒装(1)表示方向/方位、地点和时间的副词或介词短语,如 here, there, now, then, up, down, in, away, off, out, back, on the wall, over there, under the tree, in front of 等置于句首,且主语是名词而不是代词时。 ①John opened the door.There stood a girl he had never seen before.约翰打开门,那儿站着一位他从来没见过的女孩。②Just in front of the bus lies an injured man, all covered with blood.公共汽车的前面躺着一个受伤的人,浑身是血。(2)代词 such 放在句首,且在句中作表语时。③Such are the facts; no one can deny them.这些就是事实,没有人可以否认它们。(3)为平衡句子结构或使上下文衔接紧密,常将作表语的形容词、副词、分词或介词短语提到句首,引起全部倒装。④Seated in the first row are some advanced workers.坐在第一排的是一些先进工作者。⑤Present at the meeting were some scientists from China.一些来自中国的科学家出席了会议。[注意] 上述情况中,若主语是人称代词,则不用倒装。⑥Away they went.他们走开了。2.部分倒装(1)so/neither/nor 置于句首时,用部分倒装结构。a.“so+be 动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”表示前面所说的肯定情况也适合于另一人或物,意为“……也是如此”。①—I've got an enormous amount of work to do.—So have I.——我有大量的工作要做。——我也如此。b.“neither/nor+be 动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”表示前面所说的否定内容也适用于另一人或物,意为“……也不这样”。②I don't like it, neither does Tom.我不喜欢它,汤姆也不喜欢它。(2)表示否定意义的副词、连词或短语置于句首时。此类词有 not, never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, barely, little, no, nowhere, not only, not until, at no time, by no means, in no way 等。③Not a single song did she sing at yesterday's party.在昨天的晚会上她一首歌也没有唱。④At n...