情态动词情态动词有:can(could),may(might),shall(should),will(would),must,haveto,need,dare(dared),oughtto,usedto.情态动词无人称和数的变化,不能独立使用,它与其后面的动词原形合成谓语。情态动词的具体用法如下:1can1)表示能力能,能够Acomputercannotthinkforitself,itmustbetoldwhattodo.2)表示可能(理论上或是逻辑判断上)。Thetemperaturecanfallto–60℃,thatis60℃belowfreezing.气温可降至—60℃,也就是零下60℃。Hecan’t(couldn’t)haveenoughmoneyforanewcar.他不可能有足够的钱买新车。3)表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度。(主要用在否定句、疑问句或惊叹句中)“是否有可能”______itbetruethatyourbikewasstolenagain?(Isitpossible…?)How_____youbesocareless!_______anyonebesuchafoolastobelievethat?4)用来表示一种可能出现的事情,或表示某事、某物、某人偶然或通常有做出什么事的倾向。通常(但并非总是)指不愉快的事情。或表示某些特殊情况下的可能性,客观的可能性Ourhouseisonthetopofahill,andinwinterthewinds______beprettycold.TheWorldWideWebisjokinglycalledtheWorldWideWait,forsometimesitcanbeveryslow.Itcanbeverycoldinthemountains.Accidentscanhappenonsuchrainydays.Iwouldrathergoshoppingalonethangowithherbecauseshecanberathertiresomeattimes.比较:Drivingontheseroads_____beaverynerve-rackingbusiness.Drivingonthisicyroad_____bedangeroustoday.5)比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法。Can(Could)youlendmeahand?帮我一把好吗?I’mafraidwecouldn’tgiveyouananswertoday.恐怕我们今天不能给你答复。6)can表示能力时,还可用beableto代替。如:Icould/wasabletoplaychesswhenIwassix.但beableto可用于各种时态I'llnotbeabletocomethisafternoon.Ihavebeenabletodothework.Ihopetobeabletodothework.区别:Somethingwaswrongwithmycar,butI________driveittothegarage.=Somethingwaswrongwithmycar,butI________driveittothegarage.=Somethingwaswrongwithmycar,butI________driveittothegarage.beableto可以表示经过努力或克服了困难之后做成了某事,相当于managetodo,succeedindoing7)表推测can’thavedone表示对过去发生的事情的否定推测Shecan’tbeathomenow,forthelightsareallout.Itcan’thaverainedlastnight,forthegroundisdry.8)can的习惯用法Itisasgoodascanbe.不能再好了。Onecannotbetoocarefultodriveacar./indrivingacar.Onecannotbutbemovedbyhisnobledeeds.人们不能不为他那高尚的行为所感动。can’t/couldn’thelpdoingcan’t/couldn’thelptodo2.could1)can的过去式IcouldspeakalittleJapanesewhenIwasatcollegebutnowIhaveforgottenallofthemexceptafewwords.2)客气的请求CouldIborrowyourdictionary?Yes/Ofcourse,youcan.3)could用在肯定句中表示一种比较婉转的怀疑。Hisstory_______betrue,butIhardlythinkitis.4)couldhavedone表示对过去能做而未做的事感到惋惜、遗憾。意思是“本可以;可能已经做了某事”—IstayedatahotelwhileinNewYork.__Oh,didyou?YoucouldhavestayedwithBarbara.5)couldn'thavedone”表示对过去情况的推测,意思是“不可能做了”。例如:Hecouldnothaveseenthefilmbecauseheknewnothingaboutit.3.may,might1)表示许可,might可以指过去时间,也可指现在时间,语气更委婉。Youmaytakewhateveryoulike.你喜欢什么就拿什么。May(Might)Iaskforaphotoofyourbaby?我可以要一张你宝宝的照片吗?-MayIuseyourcar?-No,youmustn’t.(Sorry,butI’musingitnow./You’dbetternot.)在回答以may引起的问句时,多避免用这个词,而用其它方式,如Yes,please./Certainly./Pleasedon’t./You’dbetternot./No,youmustn’t.等,以免显得太严峻或不客气。2)表示可能(可能性较must和can小)。might可以指过去时间,也可以指现在时间,但语气更加不肯定。Petermaycomewithustonight,butheisn'tverysureyet.Theymightbehavingameeting,butI’mnotsure.他们有可能在开会,不过我不肯定...