SectionⅢGrammar—复习被动语态语法图解探究发现①Hotelsarefullybookedandthenarrowstreetsarecrowdedwithwonderfulcostumes.②Theywereputintoprisonbecausetheyhadbrokenthelaw.③Today,carnivalinVeniceiscelebratedforfivedaysinFebruary.④Ithinktheproblemcanbesolvedsoon.⑤Englishlessonsarebeingbroadcastontheradio.⑥Carswillbesentabroadbysea.⑦Hesaidallthetaskhadbeenfinishedbylastweek.⑧Thiskindofclotheswasheseasilyandsellswell.[我的发现](1)找出①～⑦句中的被动语态结构①are_booked②were_put_into_prison③is_celebrated④can_be_solved⑤are_being_broadcast⑥will_be_sent⑦had_been_finished(2)以上句子中，⑧句是用主动形式表示被动意义。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，表示句子的主语是动作的承受者，即动作的对象。一般来说，只有及物动词(短语)才有被动语态，不及物动词(短语)没有被动语态。一、使用被动语态的情况MrWhite,thecupwithmixturewasbrokenafterclass.怀特老师，那个装有混合液的杯子课后被打破了。Thenovelwaswrittenbyahighschoolstudent.这部小说是由一个高中生写的。[巧学助记]谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没必要。动作承受者需强调，用被动语态莫忘了。二、各种时态的被动语态形式时态名称被动语态形式一般现在时am/is/are＋过去分词一般过去时was/were＋过去分词一般将来时will/shall＋be＋过去分词过去将来时would＋be＋过去分词现在进行时am/is/are＋being＋过去分词过去进行时was/were＋being＋过去分词现在完成时have/has＋been＋过去分词过去完成时had＋been＋过去分词[即时演练1]用所给动词的被动语态形式填空①(2017·北京高考改编)Inthe1950sintheUSA,mostfamilieshadjustonephoneathome,andwirelessphoneshadn’t_been_invented(not,invent)yet.②(2016·四川高考)Thegiantpandais_loved(love)bypeoplethroughouttheworld.③(2015·福建高考改编)Tomydelight,Iwas_chosen(choose)fromhundredsofapplicantstoattendtheopeningceremony.④Thiskindofchocolatehas_been_made(make)severaltimessofar.⑤Morestudentswill_be_admitted(admit)tothisuniversitynextyear.⑥Anewroadis_being_built(build)andisexpectedtoopennextmonth.三、被动语态的特殊形式1．含有情态动词的被动语态的结构为“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”。Sheshouldbetaughthowtooperatethecomputer.应该教给她如何操作电脑。2．“get＋动词的过去分词”是被动语态的变形，强调结果。Theboygothurtwhenhewasridingtoschool.那个男孩子骑车上学时受伤了。3．动词不定式的被动语态Thebookissaidtobepublishedsoon.据说这本书很快就会出版。Heseemedtohavebeentoldthebadnews.看起来已有人告诉过他这个坏消息了。[即时演练2]完成句子①Allthelettersshould_be_answeredimmediately.所有信件均应立刻回复。②Theoperationmust_be_doneatonce.必须马上做手术。③Nobodygot_hurt/injuredintheaccident.没有人在这次事故中受伤。④Thecomputerseemsto_have_been_usedalready.Canyougivemeanewone?这台电脑好像已经被用过。你能给我一台新的吗？四、主动形式表达被动意义1．动词look,sound,feel,smell,taste,seem,turn,fall,grow,keep,go,stay作系动词时，后跟名词或形容词作表语，表示主语的特点，此时用主动形式表达被动意义。Thebuildinglooksverybeautiful.这栋建筑看上去很美。2．表示开始、结束、运动的动词，如begin,finish,open,stop,move等，用主动形式表达被动意义。Theshopopensat8：00inthemorningeveryday.商店每天上午八点开始营业。3．表示主语属性、特性的动词，如read,write,sell,wash,lock等，用主动形式表达被动意义。ThenewbookofGuoJingmingsellswell.郭敬明的新书卖得很好。4．beworth后跟动名词形式，用主动形式表达被动含义；need,want,require等词表示“需要……”，且物作主语时，后接doing,用主动形式表达被动含义，相当于tobedone。Themovieisworthseeing.这部影片值得一看。Therumourneedsclarifying/tobeclarified.谣言需要...
