SectionⅢGrammar——复习被动语态和by＋v.ing形式语境自主领悟先观察原句①RiceisalsogrowninmanyotherAsiancountries.②ResearcherswerebroughtinfromalloverChinatodevelopthenewsystem.③Theresearchwassupportedbythegovernment.④InPakistanricewillbegrowninmanypartsofthecountry.⑤ThenewhybridricehasbeendevelopedbytheYuanLongpingHightechAgriculturalCompanyofChina.⑥Theshopclosesat6：00pmeveryday.⑦Theappletastesgood.⑧Thenewproductbythecompanysellswell.⑨Openthedoorbywindingthehandle.⑩Peopleusuallygreeteachotherbyshakinghands.后自主感悟1.①句采用了一般现在时的被动语态，其构成形式为：am/is/are＋done。2.②③句采用了一般过去时的被动语态，其构成形式为：was/were＋done。3.④⑤句分别用了一般将来时和现在完成时的被动语态。4.⑥⑦⑧句中谓语动词以主动形式表示被动意义。5.⑨⑩句中，by＋v.ing形式表示通过……方式。1．各种时态的被动语态的构成被动语态表示主语为动作的承受者，只有及物动词才有被动语态，被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。(1)一般现在时被动语态的构成：am/is/are＋doneBeforeyouleavethelab，makesuretheelectricityisturnedoffandthewindowsareshut.在你离开实验室之前，要确保电源被切断，窗户被关好。(2)一般过去时被动语态的构成：was/were＋doneTheforeignguestsweregivenawarmwelcomebythechildren.孩子们热烈地欢迎外宾。(3)一般将来时被动语态的构成：shall/will＋be＋doneMorespaceexplorationswillbemadeinthefuturebytheChinesepeople.中国人民在将来将进行更多的太空探索。(4)现在进行时被动语态的构成：am/is/are＋being＋doneTheyarelivingwiththeirparentsforthemomentbecausetheirownhouseisbeingrebuilt.他们现在暂时和父母一起居住，因为他们自己的房子正在重建。(5)过去进行时被动语态的构成：was/were＋being＋doneAfterschoolwewenttothereadingroomtodosomereading，onlytobetoldthatitwasbeingdecorated.放学后，我们去阅览室看书，结果却被告知阅览室正在装修。(6)现在完成时被动语态的构成：has/havebeen＋doneLiHuahasbeenelectedmonitorofourclasstotaketheplaceofMaLi.李华已取代马丽，被选为我班班长。(7)过去完成时被动语态的构成：hadbeen＋doneWhenwegotonthespotoftheaccident，weweretoldthattheinjuredhadbeensenttothenearesthospital.当我们到达事故现场时，我们被告知伤员已经被送往最近的医院。(8)将来完成时被动语态的构成：will/shall＋havebeen＋doneOnhernextbirthday，Annwillhavebeenmarriedfortwentyyears.到下一次过生日的时候，安结婚就要满二十年了。(9)含有情态动词的被动语态的构成：情态动词＋be＋doneTheboyfeelsveryhotontheforehead，sohemustbesenttohospitalatonce.这个男孩的额头摸起来很热，所以必须被立刻送往医院。[即时训练1]用所给词的被动语态填空①Moreefforts，asreported，willbemade(make)intheyearsaheadtoacceleratethesupplysidestructurereform.②—Didyouenjoytheparty?—Yes，weweretreated(treat)wellbyourhosts.③Despitethepreviousroundsoftalks，noagreementhasbeenreached(reach)sofarbythetwosides.2．使用被动语态时应注意的情况(1)不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态(takeplace，breakout，cometrue，belongto，datefrom，happen等)。Afirebrokeoutinhishouseyesterday.昨天他家着火了。(2)含有介词或副词的及物动词短语变为被动语态时，介词或副词不可省略(lookafter，lookfor，takecareof，putoff，breakinto等)。Thechildrenaretakengoodcareofinthekindergarten.孩子们在幼儿园里被照顾得很好。(3)带复合宾语(宾语＋宾补)的动词变被动语态时，一般把复合结构中的宾语变成主语，而把宾语补足语(在被动语态中叫作主语补足语)放在动词之后。Wealwayskeeptheclassroomcleanandtidy.→Theclassroomisalwayskeptcleanandtidybyus.我们总是保持教室干净而且整洁。[名师点津]see，watch，hear，notice，listento，lookat，ma...
