一、时态与语态复习一.知识整合1(时态):1、一般现在时1)现在经常性或习惯性的动作Ileavehomeforschoolat7everymorning.Hecyclestoworkeveryday.2)客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。Theearthmovesaroundthesun.ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.Waterboilsat100centigradedegrees.3)在格言或警句中。Pridegoesbeforeafall.骄者必败。注意:用法2),3)如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例如:Columbusprovedthattheearthisround.4)现在的状态、能力、性格、个性。Idon'twantsomuch.AnnWangwritesgoodEnglishbutdoesnotspeakwell.5)用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作NowIputthesugarinthecup.Nowwatchme,Iswitchonthecurrentandstandback.注意:一般现在时表将来1)下列动词:come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return的一般现在时表将来。这主要用来表示按时间表已确定或安排好的事情。Thetrainleavesatsixtomorrowmorning.Whendoesthebusstart?Itstartsintenminutes.2)here,there倒装句,表示动作正在进行,如:Herecomesthebus.=Thebusiscoming.Theregoesthebell.=Thebellisringing.3)在时间或条件从句中。WhenBillcomes(不是willcome),askhimtowaitforme.I'llwritetoyouassoonasIarrivethere.4)see(toit)that…takecarethat…,makesurethat…等后。Makesurethatthewindowsareclosedbeforeyouleavetheroom比较:Makesurewhetherhewillhavethetimefortheget-together.2、一般过去时的用法1)在过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。Wheredidyougojustnow?IsawTominthestreetyesterday.IboughtthisTVsetinBeijinglastyear.2)在过去发生的经常性或习惯性动作。WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplayedfootballinthestreet.Healwayswenttoworkbybus.Heusedtoactlikethat.3)用过去时表示现在,表示语气委婉礼貌。(1)动词want,hope,wonder,think,intend等。例如:Didyouwantanythingelse?Iwantedtoaskyouaboutthat.Didyouwanttospeaktomenow?用心爱心专心Iwonderedifyoucouldhelpme.(2)情态动词could,would,例如:Couldyoulendmeyourbike?Wouldyoupleasecometothefrontandgiveyouropinion?4)用在条件句中表示与现在或将来事实不符的虚拟语气。IfIwereabird,IwouldflytoBeijing.Ifhewereherenow,wecouldturntohimforhelp.注意比较下列句型:◎Itistimeforsb.todosth“到……时间了;该……了”,例如:Itistimeforyoutogotobed.你该睡觉了。◎Itistime(that)sb.didsth.“时间已迟了;早该……了”,例如:Itishigh/abouttime(that)sb.didsth.(that)sb.(should)vItistime(that)youwenttobed.你早该睡觉了。=Itistime(that)you(should)gotobed.◎would(had)rathersb.didsth.表示“宁愿某人做某事”,例如:I'dratheryoucametomorrow.一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去,现已不复存在。比较下面两组句子:1)、Christinewasanurseallherlife.Christinehasbeenanurseallherlife.2)、Mrs.DarbylivedinKentuckyforsevenyears.Mrs.DarbyhaslivedinKentuckyforsevenyears.3)、一般将来时1)shall用于第一人称,常被will所代替。will用于各人称(包括第一人称)。表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。I'llvisitmyuncletomorrow.2)一般将来时有时可表示一种倾向或习惯动作"常常""就会"Adrowningmanwillcatchatastraw.Whoeverfailstoseethiswillmakeabigmistake3)begoingto+不定式,表示将来。a.主语的意图,即将做某事或打算做某事。Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?b.计划,安排要发生的事。Theplayisgoingtobeproducednextmonth.c.有迹象要发生的事Lookatthedarkclouds;thereisgoingtobeastorm.4)be+不定式表将来,按计划或正式安排将发生的事。WearetodiscussthereportnextSaturday.5)beaboutto+不定式,意为马上做某事。HeisabouttoleaveforBeijing.注意:beaboutto不能与tomorrow,nextweek等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。begoingto/will☆的用法之比较:begoingto表示打算,will表示临时决定或临时起意。---Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?---Iamgoingtore...