Unit2Environment(1)PartOneTeachingDesignGrammarandUsageStep1:GeneralintroductionThegrammaritemsinthisunitfocusontheverb-ingformasadjectiveandadverbandverb-ingphrase.Youwilllearnhowaverb-ingformcanbeusedasanadjectiveoradverbandhowaverb-phrasecanbeusedasaverb-ingonitsown.Step2:RevisionSinceaverb-ingformcanbeusedasanadjectiveoradverb,itcanserveinasentenceastheattribute,thepredicativeortheobjectcomplement.Nowlet’sreadsomesentencesandtrytoidentifythefunctionoftheunderlinedwordsorphrases.It’snicetoseeafamiliarfacehere.(theattribute)Heisgreedyforknowledge.(thepredicative)ThenewsthatIfailedintheexammademeupset.(objectcomplement)Lastnightthewholecitywasleftgettingintoamessbecauseofpowerfailure.(subjectcomplement)Step2:Explanation:1.Nowcanyoutelltheuseoftheverb-inginthefollowingsentences?A.Therearetworoadsbeforeus,oneleadingtothebeach,theothertothepark.ShewentonboardthetrainleavingforShanghai.Herushedintotheburninghouse.Thechildstandingoverthereismybrother.Theverb-ingformsinthesesentencesareallusedastheattribute.Canyouchangethefollowingattributiveclausesintoverb-ingform?1).Ataxiwhichiswaitingisaroundthecorner.Goandtakeit.2).ItissaidthatnothingthatlivescanbefoundonMars.3).Theboywhowassmilingrantohismother.4).Thewomanwhoiscomingtodinnerthiseveningworksinthebank.5).Theyoungmanwhoislookingatthemapislost.6).Themanwhoisperforminginthestreetcanplayfivemusicalinstruments.Sampleanswers:1).Awaitingtaxiisaroundthecorner.Goandtakeit.2).ItissaidthatnolivingthingscanbefoundonMars.3).Thesmilingboyrantohismother.4).Thewomancomingtodinnerthiseveningworksinthebank.5).Theyoungmanlookingatthemapislost.6).Themanperforminginthestreetcanplayfivemusicalinstruments.B.Ourworkisservingthepeople.Theargumentisveryconvincing.Thisfoodsmellsinviting.ThenewsthattheChineseteamwon32goldmedalsintheOlympicsgameswasencouraging.用心爱心专心116号编辑Theverb-ingformsinthesesentencesareallusedasthepredicative.Theyfollowlinkingverbs.C.Iwatchedtheathletejumpingfromthedivingboardintotheswimmingpool.Theboylookedoutofhiswindowandsawamanenteringhisneighbouring’shouse.Iheardsomeoneplayingtheviolininthenextroom.Theverb-ingformsinthesesentencesareallusedastheobjectcomplement.Averb-ingformmaybeusedafterverbslikesee,watch,notice,hearandobserveasanobjectcomplement.2.ReadPart2.Youmaynoticethataverb-ingcanbeusedafterverbsafterverbslikestand,sitandlietoshowthatthetwoactionsarehappeningatthesametime.Eg.Thegirllayinbedreadingherfavoritenovel.=Thegirllayinbedwhileshewasreadingherfavoritenovel.Theboysatatthetableeatinghisbreakfast.=Theboysatatthetablewhilehewaseatinghisbreakfast.ThemansatonthesofawatchingTV.=ThemansatonthesofawhilehewaswatchingTV.3.NowreadthesentencesinPart3.Averb-inghasaperfectform“having+verb-ed”toshowthisverbhappensbeforethemainverb.Eg.Havingfinishedhishomework,hesatdowntowatch.Havingreturnedfromthesupermarket,shestartedtopreparethedinner.4.GooverPoints1-4inPart1onPage30.verb-ingphrasescanexpressthetime,thereason,theresultandthecondition.Eg.1).Knowingthattherewasadogoutside,thelittleboydidn’topenthedoor.2).Havingplentyofmoney,shewasabletogoanywhereonholidays.3).LucyandLily,lookingsoalike,areoftenmistakenfortwins.4).Thecouplewentshopping,leavingtheireldestdaughteraloneathome.5).Timepermitting,Iwillmeetyouforlunch.Canyourewritethesesentences,usingclausesintroducedbywhen,after,because,asaresult,andifect.Sampleanswers...
