2012年高考英语一轮复习 金子般的学案语法部分：虚拟语气 新人教版

2012 年高三一轮复习金子般的学案语法部分：虚拟语气（新人教版）用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议、假设的语气叫虚拟语气。(一)if 主从句中的虚拟语气【完成例句】 (1)如果我是你，我会接受邀请的。 If I were you, I should accept the invitation. (2)如果我有空，我就去那儿。If I had time, I would go there. 【结论 1】条件与现在事实相反[ ]从句谓语用一般过去时(be 多用 were)[ ]主句谓语用 would / should / could / might＋动词原形【完成例句】 (3)如果你早点来，你就不会错过那辆公共汽车了。If you had come earlier, you couldn't / wouldn't have missed the bus. (4)如果他昨天见到了你，他就会还你的书的。If he had seen you yesterday, he would have returned your book. 【结论 2】条件与过去事实相反从句谓语用 had done主句谓语用 would / should / could / might＋have done【完成例句】 (5)万一明天下雨，运动会就推迟。(事实上明天下雨的可能性不大。)If it should rain / were to rain / rained tomorrow, the sports meet would be put off.(6)万一杯子掉下来会打碎的。If you dropped / should drop / were to drop the glass, it would break. 【结论 3】用心 爱心 专心1条件与将来事实相反从句谓语用一般过去时(be 多用 were)或 should ＋动词原形 / were to do主句谓语用 would / should / could / might＋动词原形【疑难 1】 含蓄虚拟句(即含有 without / but for, otherwise / or 等词的句子)【例句观察】 Human beings would die without water. (＝Human beings would die if there were no water. )I couldn't have succeeded but for your help. (＝I couldn't have succeeded if you hadn't helped me.)I had no money then. Otherwise I would have bought that book. (＝If I had had money then, I would have bought that book. )【疑难剖析 1】含有 without / but for，otherwise / or 等词的句子谓语结构等同于 if 主从句中主句的谓语结构。与现在或将来事实相反would / should / could / might＋动词原形与过去事实相反would / should / ...