高考英语 定语从句语法讲座（I） 新人教版

定语从句语法讲座（I）一 概念在复合句中，用来修饰某一名词或代词的从句，叫定语从句。其作用相当于形容词。 被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。二 引导词引导定语从句的关系代词有： that, which, who, whom, whose 三 关系代词 that, which, who, whom, whose 引导定语从句的用法。1. A plane is a machine that/which can fly.2. The fish that/which we bought was not fresh.3. ZhangHeng was a man that/who made the earliest seismograph in 132.4. The professor that/who/whom you want to see has come.5. This is the girl whose father is a teacher.6. The desk whose leg is broken is very old.7. The gentleman about whom you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.8. The room in which there is a machine is a workshop. 四 关系代词 that 与 which 的专用场合；（一）指物时，关系代词 that 和 which 一般情况下可换用，但以下几种情况下一般用 that，不用 which：1） 先行词是 all, everything, something, anything, nothing, none, few, little, much 等不定代词；或是先行词被 all, every, some, any, no, few, little，much ,both 等修饰时：Is there anything (that) I can do for you in town?I have read all the books (that) you gave me.2) 当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词 the first, the second, the last 修饰时：This is the best film (that) I have ever seen.The first place (that) we’ll visit is the Great Wall.3) 当先行词被 the only，the very 等表示唯一概念的词修饰修饰时：The only thing that matters is to find our way home.This is the very book (that) I’ve been looking for.4) 先行词既有人又有物时：They talked about the persons and things (that) they remembered in the school.5) 当主句是由 who 或 which 引导的特殊问句时，为避免重复，定语从句中常用 that：Who is the man that is standing by the door?Which is the dictionary (that) you bought yesterday?6）当先行词为数词时，关系代词用 that。（二）有下列情形之一...