虚拟语气虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测、建议,而不表示客观存在的事实。它通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。虚拟语气的主要内容:一、非真实条件句中的虚拟语气(if引导)二、宾语从句中的虚拟语气三、主语从句中的虚拟语气四、表语从句、同位语从句的虚拟语气五、状语从句中的虚拟语气六、几种特殊的虚拟语气一.虚拟语气在条件句中的用法情况条件句主句与过去相反haddonewould\should\could\might...+havedone与现在相反did/werewould\should\could\might...+do与将来相反wereto+doshould+do.did同上比较:Ifitrainstomorrow,thecropswillbesaved.陈述语气Ifitrainedtomorrow,thecropswouldbesaved.虚拟语气例如:1、如果我有一百万美元,我会买下这架飞机。IfIhadonemilliondollars,Iwouldbuytheplane.2、如果我是你,我会再试一次。IfIwereyou,Iwouldtryitagain.3、如果他努力学的话,他就通过这次考试。Ifhehadworkedhard,hewouldhavepassedtheexamination.4、如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他这件事.Ifhecameheretomorrow,Iwouldtellhimaboutit.学习虚拟条件句应注意以下几点:(1)省略if若虚拟条件句中有were,had,should,可以省略if,并将were,had,should移到句首。如:1.IfIweretomeethimtomorrow,Ishouldaskhimaboutit.——WereItomeethimtomorrow,…2.____forthedoctor’scarefultreatment,he_____tilllastyear.CA.Ifitisnot,can’tliveB.Wereitnot,couldn’tliveC.Haditnotbeen,couldn’thavelivedD.Iftheywerenot,couldn’tlive(2)错综时间虚拟条件句——虚拟条件句与主句谓语动词发生的时间有时不一致,要注意主从句谓语形式。11、Ifyouhadtakenthemedicineyesterday,youwouldbewellnow2、Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice,youwouldbeabletofinishtheworknow.如果你当时听了我的话,现在就能完成这份工作了。(从句说明过去,主句说明现在。)3、IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavegonetoherbirthdayparty.如果我是你,我就去参加她的生日晚会了。(从句说明现在,主句说明过去。)(3)含蓄虚拟条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来,而是通过一个介词来表示或通过上下文或其他方式表示如“butfor”,“without”,“butthat”,“exceptfor”,“supposing”,“otherwise”等表示含蓄的虚拟:1.Butforhishelp,wewouldn'thavesucceeded.(与过去相反)2.Withoutwaterorair,wewoulddie.(与现在相反)二、从句中的虚拟语气1、宾语从句中的虚拟语气(1)、表示建议、命令、要求等意义的动词demand,order,advise,prefer,propose,require,arrange,suggest等后接宾语从句,谓语动词一律用“(should)+动词原形”。——一个坚持insist(坚持要求);两个命令order,command;三条建议suggest,advise,propose;六项要求demand,request,require,ask,urge,desire.E.g.:Weallsuggestthathe(should)finishhishomeworkfirst.(2)、主语+wish+that+主语+〈1〉过去时:did\were----与现在时相反〈2〉过去完成时:haddone----与过去相反〈3〉用would+原形-----与将来相反A、我要是记得地址就好了。(真可惜我忘了)IwishIrememberedtheaddress.B、要是他没有离开这里就好了。(他已离开)HowIwishhehadnotleft.C、要是明天下雨就好了。(说话人以预料明天不会下雨)Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.2、主语从句中的虚拟语气——用“should+动词原形”来表示(1)、Itis+n.(apity,ashame,anhonor,asurprise,nowonder…)+that…e.g.Itisapitythathe(should)bethere.真遗憾,他该在那里。(2)、It’ssuggested(ordered,demanded,proposed,commanded,requested,desired,insisted,required)that…e.g.It’srequestedthatallthestudents(should)wearschooluniformsatschool.(3)、Itis+adj.(important,necessary,essential,impossible,natural…)+that…e.g.Itwasstrangethathe(should)dohisworksoquickly.Itisimportantthatthemeetingbeheldassoonaspossible.3、以上这些动词的名词形式后面的表语从句和同位语从句中也要用虚拟语气,也应以(should)+v原.的形式出现。Mysuggestionisthatyou(should)gohomefirstbeforeco...