高中英语 介词和连词辅导

语法复习专题（5）Unit5 介词和连词一、考点聚焦 1、介词的分类与语法功能 （1）介词是虚词，不能单独作句子成分，必须与名词、代词（或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句等）构成介词短语，在句中充当一个成分。介词分 为 ： 简 单 介 词 ， 如 at 、 in 、 for 等 ； 合 成 介 词 ， 如within、inside、onto、througout 等；短语介词，如according to、out of、because of、by means of、in spite of、instead of 等。双重介词，如 from behind / above / under、until after 等。分词介词，如 considering、including、judging(from / by) 等。 常见的介词宾语：名词、代词、动名词、从句、不定式等。如：①It is going to rain this afternoon according to the weather forecast.②He quarrelled with her yesterday.③He succeeded in passing the final exam.④I’m still thinking of how I can fulfil the task ahead of time.⑤The professor will give us a talk on how to study English well.（2）介词短语在句中可作表语、定语、状语和宾补等。如：①This machine is in good condition.(表语)②Where is the key to my bike?(定语)③Nothing in the world could live without air or water.(状语)④She always thinks herself above others.（宾补）2、介词搭配（1）“动词+介词”搭配：注意特定搭配与同一介词与多个动词搭配意义不同的情况。①rob sb. of sth. / clear the road of snow(“夺去、除去”意义的动词与 of 连用)用心 爱心 专心1②supply us with food / fill the glass with wine（“供给”意义的动词与 with 连用）③make a desk of wood / make bread from flour / make the material into a coat（“制作、制造”意义与 of、from、into 连用）④ 介词 + the + 部位与动词的关系（=动词 + sb.’s + 部位，可换用）strike him on the head(“击，拍，碰，摸”意义与 on 连用)catch him by the arm(“抓，拉，拿，扯”意义与 by 连用)hit the boy in the face（“肚，胸，眼，脸”等人体前部与 in 连用）⑤prevent(stop, keep)sb. from doing sth.(“阻止，禁止”意义与 from 连用)⑥persuade(advise, warn...